G-equations are well-known front propagation models in combustion and are HamiltonJacobi type equations with convex but non-coercive Hamiltonians. Viscous G-equations arise from numerical discretization or modeling dissipative mechanisms. Although viscosity helps to overcome non-coercivity, we prove homogenization of an inviscid G-equation based on approximate correctors and attainability of controlled flow trajectories. We verify the attainability for two-dimensional mean zero incompressible flows, and demonstrate asymptotically and numerically that viscosity reduces the homogenized Hamiltonian in cellular flows. In the case of one-dimensional compressible flows, we found an explicit formula of homogenized Hamiltonians, as well as necessary and sufficient conditions for wave trapping (effective Hamiltonian vanishes identically). Viscosity restores coercivity and wave propagation.

By analysing the uniform attractor for multi-valued processes, we study the long-time behaviour of the solutions of a model of non-autonomous porous-medium equations. The result is obtained by using the <i>a priori</i> estimates and suitable compactness arguments.

Despite its usefulness, the Kalman-Bucy filter is not perfect. One of its weaknesses is that it needs a Gaussian assumption on the initial data. Recently Yau and Yau introduced a new direct method to solve the estimation problem for linear filtering with non-Gaussian initial data. They factored the problem into two parts: (1) the on-line solution of a finite system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), and (2) the off-line calculation of the Kolmogorov equation. Here we derive an explicit closed-form solution of the Kolmogorov equation. We also give some properties and conduct a numerical study of the solution.

We revisit the homogenization problem for the Poisson equation in periodically perforated domains with zero Neumann data at the boundary of the holes and prescribed Dirichlet data at the outer boundary. It is known that, if the periodicity of the holes goes to zero but their volume fraction remains fixed and positive, the limit problem is a Dirichlet boundary value problem posed in the domain without the holes, and the effective diffusion coefficients are non-trivially modified; if that volume fraction goes to zero instead, i.e. the holes are dilute, the effective operator remains the Laplacian (that is, unmodified). Our main results contain the study of a "continuity" in those effective models with respect to the volume fraction of the holes and some new convergence rates for homogenization in the dilute setting. Our method explores the classical two-scale expansion ansatz and relies on asymptotic analysis of the rescaled cell problems using layer potential theory.

We study a generalized ergodic problem (E), which is a Hamilton-Jacobi equation of contact type, in the flat n-dimensional torus. We first obtain existence of solutions to this problem under quite general assumptions. Various examples are presented and analyzed to show that (E) does not have unique solutions in general. We then study uniqueness structures of solutions to (E) in the convex setting by using the nonlinear adjoint method.

This work concerns the analysis of wave propagation in random media. Our medium of interest is sea ice, which is a composite of a pure ice background and randomly located inclusions of brine and air. From a pulse emitted by a source above the sea ice layer, the main objective of this work is to derive a model for the backscattered signal measured at the source/detector location. The problem is difficult in that, in the practical configuration we consider, the wave impinges on the layer with a non-normal incidence. Since the sea ice is seen by the pulse as an effective (homogenized) medium, the energy is specularly reflected and the backscattered signal vanishes in a first order approximation. What is measured at the detector consists therefore of corrections to leading order terms, and we focus in this work on the homogenization corrector. We describe the propagation by a random Helmholtz equation, and derive an expression of the corrector in this layered framework. We moreover obtain a transport model for quadratic quantities in the random wavefield in a high frequency limit.

The formation and propagation of thermal fronts in a cylindrical medium that is undergoing microwave heating is studied in detail. The model consists of Maxwell's wave equation coupled to a temperature diffusion equation containing a bistable nonlinear term.

In this paper, we consider the local existence of solutions to Euler equations with linear damping under the assumption of physical vacuum boundary condition. By using the transformation introduced in Lin and Yang (Methods Appl. Anal. 7 (3) (2000) 495) to capture the singularity of the boundary, we prove a local existence theorem on a perturbation of a planar wave solution by using LittlewoodPaley theory and justifies the transformation introduced in Liu and Yang (2000) in a rigorous setting.

We study the homogenization of a stationary conductivity problem in a random heterogeneous medium with highly oscillating conductivity coefficients and an ensemble of simply closed conductivity resistant membranes. This medium is randomly deformed and then rescaled from a periodic one with periodic membranes, in a manner similar to the random medium proposed by Blanc, Le Bris, and Lions (2006). Across the membranes, the flux is continuous but the potential field itself undergoes a jump of Robin-type. We prove that, for almost all realizations of the random deformation, as the small scale of variations of the medium goes to zero, the random conductivity problem is well approximated by that of an effective medium which has deterministic and constant coefficients and contains no membrane. The effective coefficients are explicitly represented. One of our main contributions is to provide a solution to the associated auxiliary problem that is posed on the whole space with infinitely many interfaces, a setting that is out of the standard stationary ergodic framework.

Let G=(V,E) be a locally finite connected weighted graph, and Δ be the usual graph Laplacian. In this article, we study blow-up problems for the nonlinear parabolic equation u_t = Δu + f(u) on G. The blow-up phenomenons for u_t = Δu + f(u) are discussed in terms of two cases: (i) an initial condition is given; (ii) a Dirichlet boundary condition is given. We prove that if f satisfies appropriate conditions, then the corresponding solutions will blow up in a finite time.