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We prove the following conjecture of Furstenberg (1969): if 𝐴,𝐵⊂[0,1] are closed and invariant under ×𝑝 mod1 and ×𝑞 mod1, respectively, and if log𝑝/log𝑞∉ℚ, then for all real numbers 𝑢 and 𝑣, dim_H (𝑢𝐴 + 𝑣) ∩ 𝐵 ≤ max {0, dim_H 𝐴 + dim_H 𝐵 − 1}. We obtain this result as a consequence of our study on the intersections of incommensurable self-similar sets on ℝ. Our methods also allow us to give upper bounds for dimensions of arbitrary slices of planar self-similar sets satisfying SSC and certain natural irreducible conditions.

The systematic investigation of contour integrals satisfying the system of partial differential equations associated with Appell's hypergeometric function$F$_{1}leads to new solutions of that system. Fundamental sets of solutions are given for the vicinity of all singular points of the system of partial differential equations. The transformation theory of the solutions reveals connections between the system under consideration and other hypergeometric systems of partial differential equations. Presently it is discovered that any hypergeometric system of partial differential equations of the second order (with two independent variables) which has only three linearly independent solutions can be transformed into the system of$F$_{1}or into a particular or limiting case of this system. There are also other hypergeometric systems (with four linearly independent solutions) the integration of which can be reduced to the integration of the system of$F$_{1}.

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