We use a differential form cohomology theory on transitive digraphs to give a new proof of a theorem of Gerstenhaber and Schack about isomorphism between simplicial cohomology and Hochschild cohomology of a certain algebra associated with the simplicial complex.

In this work we study the following cutting pattern problem. Given a triangulated surface (i.e. a two-dimensional simplicial complex), assign each triangle with a triple of 1, one integer per edge, such that the assignment is both complete (i.e. every triangle has integers of both signs) and consistent (i.e. every edge shared by two triangles has opposite signs in these triangles). We show that this problem is the major challenge in converting a volumetric mesh consisting of prisms into a mesh consisting of tetrahedra, where each prism is cut into three tetrahedra. In this paper we provide a complete solution to this problem for topological disks under various boundary conditions ranging from very restricted one to the most flexible one. For each type of boundary conditions, we provide efficient algorithms to compute valid assignments if there is any, or report the obstructions otherwise. For all the proposed algorithms

Kawakubo and Uchida showed that, if a closed oriented 4k-dimensional manifold M admits a semi-free circle action such that the dimension of the fixed point set is less than 2k, then the signature of M vanishes. In this note, by using G-signature theorem and the rigidity of the signature operator, we generalize this result to more general circle actions. Combining the same idea with the remarkable WittenTaubesBott rigidity theorem, we explore more vanishing results on spin manifolds admitting such circle actions. Our results are closely related to some earlier results of ConnerFloyd, LandweberStong and HirzebruchSlodowy.

The classical Morse theory proceeds by considering sublevel sets f^{−1}(−∞,a] of a Morse function f:M→R, where M is a smooth finite-dimensional manifold. In this paper, we study the topology of the level sets f^{−1}(a) and give conditions under which the topology of f^{−1}(a) changes when passing a critical value. We show that for a general class of functions, which includes all exhaustive Morse functions, the topology of a regular level f^{−1}(a) always changes when passing a single critical point, unless the index of the critical point is half the dimension of the manifold M. When f is a natural Hamiltonian on a cotangent bundle, we obtain more precise results in terms of the topology of the base space. (Counter-)examples and applications to celestial mechanics are also discussed.

We construct a cohomology theory of transitive digraphs and use it to give a new proof of a theorem of Gerstenhaber and Schack about isomorphism between simplicial cohomology and Hochschild cohomology of a certain algebra associated with the simplicial complex.

We prove that the locus of Prym curves (C,η) of genus g≥5 for which the Prym-canonical system |ωC(η)| is base point free but the Prym-canonical map is not an embedding is irreducible and unirational of dimension 2g+1.

To a digraph with a choice of certain integral basis, we construct a CW complex, whose integral singular cohomology is canonically isomorphic to the path cohomology of the digraph as introduced in\cite {GLMY}. The homotopy type of the CW complex turns out to be independent of the choice of basis. After a very brief discussion of functoriality, this construction immediately implies some of the expected but perhaps combinatorially subtle properties of the digraph cohomology and homotopy proved very recently\cite {GLMY2}. Furthermore, one gets a very simple expected formula for the cup product of forms on the digraph. On the other hand, we present an approach of using sheaf theory to reformulate (di) graph cohomologies. The investigation of the path cohomology from this framework, leads to a subtle version of Poincare lemma for digraphs, which follows from the construction of the CW complex.

In this paper we consider a purely algebraic result. Then given a circle or cyclic group of prime order action on a manifold, we will use it to estimate the lower bound of the number of fixed points. We also give an obstruction to the existence of \mathbb {Z} _p action on manifolds with isolated fixed points when \mathbb {Z} _p is a prime.

In [4] the authors observed that the topological methods in the theory of three-dimensional manifolds can be modified to settle some old problems in the classical theory of minimal surfaces in euclidean space (see also [1],[12]). In [4] and [5] we found that we could use the theory of minimal surfaces to extend the theorems of Papakriakopoulous, Whitehead and Shapiro, Stalling and Epstein on the Dehn's lemma, loop theorem and sphere theorem. The key point to our approach to these topological theorems is the following: Given a certain family of maps of the disk or sphere into our three-dimensional manifold M, we minimize the area of the maps (with respect to the pulled back metric) in this family and prove the existence of the minimal map. Then by using the area minimizing property of the map and the tower construction in topology, we prove that any area minimizing map in the family is an embedding. In this way