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Analysis of the SMS4 Block Cipher

Fen Liu State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Wen Ji State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Lei Hu State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Jintai Ding Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA Shuwang Lv State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Andrei Pyshkin Fachbereich Informatik, Technische Universit¨at Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany Ralf-Philipp Weinmann Fachbereich Informatik, Technische Universit¨at Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany

TBD mathscidoc:2207.43031

ACISP 2007, 158–170, 2007.7
SMS4 is a 128-bit block cipher used in the WAPI standard for providing data confidentiality in wireless networks. In this paper we investigate and explain the origin of the S-Box employed by the cipher, show that an embedded cipher similar to BES can be obtained for SMS4 and demonstrate the fragility of the cipher design by giving variants that exhibit 2^{64} weak keys. We also show attacks on reduced round versions of the cipher. The best practical attack we found is an integral attack that works on 10 rounds out of 32 rounds with a complexity of 2^{18} operations; it can be extended to 13 rounds using round key guesses, resulting in a complexity of 2^{114} operations and a data complexity of 2^{16} chosen pairs.
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@inproceedings{fen2007analysis,
  title={Analysis of the SMS4 Block Cipher},
  author={Fen Liu, Wen Ji, Lei Hu, Jintai Ding, Shuwang Lv, Andrei Pyshkin, and Ralf-Philipp Weinmann},
  url={http://archive.ymsc.tsinghua.edu.cn/pacm_paperurl/20220711130756463591608},
  booktitle={ACISP 2007},
  pages={158–170},
  year={2007},
}
Fen Liu, Wen Ji, Lei Hu, Jintai Ding, Shuwang Lv, Andrei Pyshkin, and Ralf-Philipp Weinmann. Analysis of the SMS4 Block Cipher. 2007. In ACISP 2007. pp.158–170. http://archive.ymsc.tsinghua.edu.cn/pacm_paperurl/20220711130756463591608.
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