Unveiling pseudospin and angular momentum in photonic graphene

Daohong Song MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China Vassilis Paltoglou Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Crete, Heraklion, 70013, Crete, Greece Sheng Liu MOE Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710129, China; Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, 94132, California, USA Yi Zhu Zhou Pei-Yuan Center for Applied Mathematics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China Daniel Gallardo Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, 94132, California, USA Liqin Tang MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China Jingjun Xu MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China Mark Ablowitz Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado, 526 UCB, Boulder, 80309, Colorado, USA Nikolaos K. Efremidis Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Crete, Heraklion, 70013, Crete, Greece Zhigang Chen MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, 94132, California, USA

TBD mathscidoc:2204.43030

Nature Communications, 6, 6272, 2015.2
Pseudospin, an additional degree of freedom inherent in graphene, plays a key role in understanding many fundamental phenomena such as the anomalous quantum Hall effect, electron chirality and Klein paradox. Unlike the electron spin, the pseudospin was traditionally considered as an unmeasurable quantity, immune to Stern-Gerlach-type experiments. Recently, however, it has been suggested that graphene pseudospin is a real angular momentum that might manifest itself as an observable quantity, but so far direct tests of such a momentum remained unfruitful. Here, by selective excitation of two sublattices of an artificial photonic graphene, we demonstrate pseudospin-mediated vortex generation and topological charge flipping in otherwise uniform optical beams with Bloch momentum traversing through the Dirac points. Corroborated by numerical solutions of the linear massless Dirac-Weyl equation, we show that pseudospin can turn into orbital angular momentum completely, thus upholding the belief that pseudospin is not merely for theoretical elegance but rather physically measurable.
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@inproceedings{daohong2015unveiling,
  title={Unveiling pseudospin and angular momentum in photonic graphene},
  author={Daohong Song, Vassilis Paltoglou, Sheng Liu, Yi Zhu, Daniel Gallardo, Liqin Tang, Jingjun Xu, Mark Ablowitz, Nikolaos K. Efremidis, and Zhigang Chen},
  url={http://archive.ymsc.tsinghua.edu.cn/pacm_paperurl/20220428163034881992161},
  booktitle={Nature Communications},
  volume={6},
  pages={6272},
  year={2015},
}
Daohong Song, Vassilis Paltoglou, Sheng Liu, Yi Zhu, Daniel Gallardo, Liqin Tang, Jingjun Xu, Mark Ablowitz, Nikolaos K. Efremidis, and Zhigang Chen. Unveiling pseudospin and angular momentum in photonic graphene. 2015. Vol. 6. In Nature Communications. pp.6272. http://archive.ymsc.tsinghua.edu.cn/pacm_paperurl/20220428163034881992161.
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