Abstract In this note we establish the uniform (Formula presented.)-bound for the weak solutions to a degenerate Keller-Segel equation with the diffusion exponent (Formula presented.) under a sharp condition on the initial data for the global existence. As a consequence, the uniqueness of the weak solutions is also proved.

We study the stability of traveling waves of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with nonzero condition at infinity obtained via a constrained variational approach. Two important physical models for this are the Gross–Pitaevskii (GP) equation and the cubic-quintic equation. First, under a non-degeneracy condition we prove a sharp instability criterion for 3D traveling waves of (GP), which had been conjectured in the physical literature. This result is also extended for general nonlinearity and higher dimensions, including 4D (GP) and 3D cubic-quintic equations. Second, for cubic-quintic type nonlinearity, we construct slow traveling waves and prove their nonlinear instability in any dimension. For dimension two, the non-degeneracy condition is also proved for these slow traveling waves. For general traveling waves without vortices (that is nonvanishing) and with general nonlinearity in any dimension, we find a sharp condition for linear instability. Third, we prove that any 2D traveling wave of (GP) is transversally unstable, and we find the sharp interval of unstable transversal wave numbers. Near unstable traveling waves of all of the above cases, we construct unstable and stable invariant manifolds.

Under the diffusion scaling and a scaling assumption on the microscopic component, a non-classical fluid dynamic system was derived in\cite {BGLY} that is related to the system of ghost effect derived in\cite {Sone-2} in different settings. This paper aims to justify this limit system for a non-trivial background profile with slab symmetry. The result reveals not only the diffusion phenomena in the temperature and density, but also the flow of higher order in Knudsen number due to the gradient of the temperature. Precisely, we show that the solution to the Boltzmann equation converges to a diffusion wave with decay rates in both Knudsen number and time.

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We investigate the nonlinear stability of the superposition of a viscous contact wave and two rarefaction waves for a one-dimensional (1D) bipolar Vlasov--Poisson--Boltzmann (VPB) system, which can be used to describe the transportation of charged particles under the additional electrostatic potential force. Based on a new micro-macro type of decomposition around the local Maxwellian related to the bipolar VPB system in the previous work [H.-L. Li, Y. Wang, T. Yang, and M.-Y. Zhong, <i>Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal.</i>, 228 (2018), pp. 39--127], we prove that the superposition of a viscous contact wave and two rarefaction waves is time-asymptotically stable to the 1D bipolar VPB system under some smallness conditions on the initial perturbations and wave strength, which implies that this typical superposition wave pattern is nonlinearly stable under the combined effects of the binary collisions, the electrostatic potential