No abstract uploaded!

We study the algebraic dimension a(X) of a compact hyperk ¨ahler manifold of dimension 2n. We show that a(X) is at most n unless X is projective. If a compact K¨ahler manifold with algebraic dimension 0 and Kodaira dimension 0 has a minimal model, then only the values 0, n and 2n are possible. In case of middle dimension, the algebraic reduction is holomorphic Lagrangian. If n = 2, then - without any assumptions - the algebraic dimension only takes the values 0, 2 and 4. The paper also gives structure results for ”generalised hyperk¨ahler” manifolds and studies nef lines bundles.

Inspired by the Gromov-Hausdorff distance, we define a new notion called the intrinsic flat distance between oriented m dimensional Riemannian manifolds with boundary by isometrically embedding the manifolds into a common metric space, measuring the flat distance between them and taking an infimum over all isometric embeddings and all common metric spaces. This is made rigorous by applying Ambrosio-Kirchheim’s extension of FedererFleming’s notion of integral currents to arbitrary metric spaces. We prove the intrinsic flat distance between two compact oriented Riemannian manifolds is zero iff they have an orientation preserving isometry between them. Using the theory of AmbrosioKirchheim, we study converging sequences of manifolds and their limits, which are in a class of metric spaces that we call integral current spaces. We describe the properties of such spaces including the fact that they are countably Hm rectifiable spaces and present numerous examples.

We investigate the minimal and isoperimetric surface problems in a large class of sub-Riemannian manifolds, the so-called Vertically Rigid spaces. We construct an adapted connection for such spaces and, using the variational tools of Bryant, Griffiths and Grossman, derive succinct forms of the Euler-Lagrange equations for critical points for the associated variational problems. Using the Euler-Lagrange equations, we show that minimal and isoperimetric surfaces satisfy a constant horizontal mean curvature conditions away from characteristic points. Moreover, we use the formalism to construct a horizontal second fundamental form, II0, for vertically rigid spaces and, as a first application, use II0 to show that minimal surfaces cannot have points of horizontal positive curvature and that minimal surfaces in Carnot groups cannot be locally strictly horizontally geometrically convex. We note that the convexity condition is distinct from others currently in the literature.

We show the existence of complete, asymptotically flat Cauchy initial data for the vacuum Einstein field equations, free of trapped surfaces, whose future development must admit a trapped surface. Moreover, the datum is exactly a constant time slice in Minkowski space-time inside and exactly a constant time slice in Kerr space-time outside. The proof makes use of the full strength of Christodoulou’s work on the dynamical formation of black holes and Corvino-Schoen’s work on the construction of initial data sets.