String theory has had a profound influence on research in Calabi-Yau spaces over the past twenty-five years. We first briefly mention some of the work in Khler Calabi-Yau manifolds that was influenced by the discovery of mirror symmetry in the late 1980s. We then discuss some of the mathematical motivations behind the recent work on non-Khler Calabi-Yau manifolds, which arise in string compactifications with fluxes. After extending mirror symmetry to non-Khler Calabi-Yau manifolds, we show how this leads to new cohomologies and invariants of non-Khler symplectic manifolds.

We use entangled multimode coherent states to produce entangled giant graviton states, in the context of gauge/gravity duality. We make a smeared distribution of the entangled multimode coherent states on the circle, or on the five-sphere, in the higher dimensional view. In gauge/gravity duality, we analyze the superposition of giant graviton states, and the entangled pairs of giant graviton states. We map a class of angular distribution functions to unitary operations on the pairs. We also use Young tableau states to construct cat states and qudit states. Various bipartite quantum states involving Young tableau states are analyzed, including micro-macro entangled states. Mixed states of Young tableau states are generated, by using ensemble mixing using angular distribution functions, and also by going through noisy quantum channels. We then produce mixed entangled pair of giant graviton states, by including interaction with the environment and using noisy quantum channels.

We give a simplified and more algebraic proof of the finiteness of the families of Calabi-Yau n-folds with non-vanishing of Yukawa-coupling over a fixed base curve and with fixed degeneration locus. We also give a generalization of this result. Our method is variation of Hodge structure and poly-stability of Higgs bundles.

We consider the Ising model at its critical temperature with external magnetic field ha15/8 on the square lattice with lattice spacing a. We show that the truncated two-point function in this model decays exponentially with a rate independent of a as a ↓ 0. As a consequence, we show exponential decay in the near-critical scaling limit Euclidean magnetization field. For the lattice model with a = 1, the mass (inverse correlation length) is of order h8/15 as h ↓ 0; for the Euclidean field, it equals exactly Ch8/15 for some C. Although there has been much progress in the study of critical scaling limits, results on near-critical models are far fewer due to the lack of conformal invariance away from the critical point. Our arguments combine lattice and continuum FK representations, including coupled conformal loop and measure ensembles, showing that such ensembles can be useful even in the study of near-critical scaling limits. Thus we provide the first substantial application of measure ensembles.

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