Let$F$be families of meromorphic functions in a domain$D$, and let$R$be a rational function whose degree is at least 3. If, for any$f∈$$F$, the composite function$R(f)$has no fixed-point in$D$, then$F$is normal in$D$. The number 3 is best possible. A new and much simplified proof of a result of Pang and Zalcman concerning normality and, shared values is also given.

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In this paper, we investigate the topology of a class of non-Kähler compact complex manifolds generalizing that of Hopf and Calabi-Eckmann manifolds. These manifolds are diffeomorphic to special systems of real quadrics$C$^{$n$}which are invariant with respect to the natural action of the real torus ($S$^{1})^{$n$}onto$C$^{$n$}. The quotient space is a simple convex polytope. The problem reduces thus to the study of the topology of certain real algebraic sets and can be handled using combinatorial results on convex polytopes. We prove that the homology groups of these compact complex manifolds can have arbitrary amount of torsion so that their topology is extremely rich. We also resolve an associated wall-crossing problem by introducing holomorphic equivariant elementary surgeries related to some transformations of the simple convex polytope. Finally, as a nice consequence, we obtain that affine non-Kähler compact complex manifolds can have arbitrary amount of torsion in their homology groups, contrasting with the Kähler situation.

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