We determine the smallest Schatten class containing all integral operators with kernels in$L$_{p}(L_{p', q})^{symm}, where 2 <$p$∞ and 1≦$q$≦∞. In particular, we give a negative answer to a problem posed by Arazy, Fisher, Janson and Peetre in [1].

Let ($A$_{$0, A$}_{$1$}) be a compatible pair of quasi-Banach spaces and 1et$A$be a corresponding space of real interpolation type such that$A$_{$0$}∩$A$_{$1$}is not dense in$A$. Upper and lower estimates are obtained for the distance of any element$f$of$A$from$A$_{$0$}∩$A$_{$1$}. These lead to formulae for the distance in a large number of concrete situations, such as when$A$_{$0$}∩$A$_{$1$}=$L$^{$∞$}and$A$is either weak-$L$^{q}, a ‘grand’ Lebesgue space or an Orlicz space of exponential type.

We prove that if$T$is a strictly singular one-to-one operator defined on an infinite dimensional Banach space$X$, then for every infinite dimensional subspace$Y$of$X$there exists an infinite dimensional subspace$Z$of$X$such that$Z∩Y$is infinite dimensional,$Z$contains orbits of$T$of every finite length and the restriction of$T$to$Z$is a compact operator.

We give a sufficient condition on a Lévy measure$μ$which ensures that the generator$L$of the corresponding pure jump Lévy process is (locally) hypoelliptic, i.e., $\mathop {\mathrm {sing\,supp}}u\subseteq \mathop {\mathrm {sing\,supp}}Lu$ for all admissible$u$. In particular, we assume that $\mu|_{\mathbb {R}^{d}\setminus \{0\}}\in C^{\infty}(\mathbb {R}^{d}\setminus \{0\})$ . We also show that this condition is necessary provided that $\mathop {\mathrm {supp}}\mu$ is compact.

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