We prove an abstract criterion stating resolvent convergence in the case of operators acting in different Hilbert spaces. This result is then applied to the case of Laplacians on a family X of branched quantum waveguides. Combining it with an exterior complex scaling we show, in particular, that the resonances on X approximate those of the Laplacian with free boundary conditions on X0, the skeleton graph of X.

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We propose and analyze a multivariate encryption scheme that uses odd characteristic and an embedding in its construction. This system has a very simple core map F(X) = X^2, allowing for efficient decryption. We also discuss ways to make this decryption faster with specific parameter choices. We give heuristic arguments along with experimental data to show that this scheme resists all known attacks.