In this work, we show that for a certain class of threefolds in positive characteristics, rational-chain-connectivity is equivalent to supersingularity. The same result is known for K3 surfaces with elliptic fibrations. And there are examples of threefolds that are both supersingular and rationally chain connected.

The HFEv- signature scheme is a twenty year old multivariate public key signature scheme. It uses the Minus and the Vinegar modifier on the original HFE scheme. An instance of the HFEv- signature scheme called GeMSS is one of the alternative candidates for signature schemes in the third round of the NIST Post Quantum Crypto (PQC) Standardization Project. In this paper, we propose a new key recovery attack on the HFEv- signature scheme. We show that the Minus modification does not enhance the security of cryptosystems of the HFE family, while the Vinegar modification increases the complexity of our attack only by a polynomial factor. By doing so, we show that the proposed parameters of the GeMSS scheme are not as secure as claimed. Our attack shows that it is very difficult to build a secure and efficient signature scheme on the basis of HFEv-.

Given a complete noncompact surface embedded in R3, we consider the Dirichlet Laplacian in the layer that is defined as a tubular neighborhood of constant width about . Using an intrinsic approach to the geometry of , we generalize the spectral results of the original paper by Duclos et al. [Commun. Math. Phys. 223, 13 (2001)] to the situation when does not possess poles. This enables us to consider topologically more complicated layers and state new spectral results. In particular, we are interested in layers built over surfaces with handles or several cylindrically symmetric ends. We also discuss more general regions obtained by compact deformations of certain .

Let T be a locally compact Hausdorff space, called base space. Suppose for each t in T there is a (real or complex) Banach space Et. A vector field x is an element in the product space t T Et, that is, x (t) Et, for all t T.

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