The ideal anti-Zeno effect means that a perpetual observation leads to an immediate disappearance of the unstable system. We present a straightforward way to derive sufficient conditions under which such a situation occurs expressed in terms of the decaying states and spectral properties of the Hamiltonian. They show, in particular, that the gap between Zeno and anti-Zeno effects is in fact very narrow.

We develop a specification test for the transition density of a discretely-sampled continuous-time diffusion process, based on a comparison of a nonparametric estimate of the transition density or distribution function to their corresponding parametric counterparts assumed by the null hypothesis. We provide a direct comparison of the two densities for an arbitrary specification of the null parametric model using three different discrepancy measures between the null and alternative transition density and distribution functions. We establish the asymptotic null distributions of proposed test statistics and compute their power functions. The finite sample properties are critically investigated via simulation studies and are compared with other tests. Our approaches are illustrated by applications to implied volatility data and Treasury bill data.

This paper attempts to relate some ideas of Grothendieck in his Esquisse d'un programme and some of the recent results on 2-dimensional topology and geometry. Especially, we shall discuss the Teichmller theory, the mapping class groups, $ SL (2,\bold C) $ representation variety of surface groups, and Thurston's theory of measured laminations.

Guy Bonneau has kindly pointed out two errors in [1]. The first is that the manifolds M (k) and M (k)/Z2 do not admit U (2)-invariant Einstein-Weyl structures for k 2; thus the last four entries in Table 4 (page 422) do not occur. The error is on pages 429430. The analysis there is correct, except that the critical line to consider in Lemma 7.5 and the subsequent calculation is = , instead of = 2/k, because of the constraint (D, ](equivalently, > ) occurring in the definition of . On this line, one has

In this paper, we consider complementarity problem associated with circular cone, which is a type of nonsymmetric cone complementarity problem. The main purpose of this paper is to show the readers how to construct complementarity functions for such nonsymmetric cone complementarity problem, and propose a few merit functions for solving such a complementarity problem. In addition, we study the conditions under which the level sets of the corresponding merit functions are bounded, and we also show that these merit functions provide an error bound for the circular cone complementarity problem. These results ensure that the sequence generated by descent methods has at least one accumulation point, and build up a theoretical basis for designing the merit function method for solving circular cone complementarity problem.