We study disjointness preserving (quasi-) n-shift operators on C 0 (X), where X is locally compact and Hausdorff. When C 0 (X) admits a quasi-n-shift T, there is a countable subset of X= X{} equipped with a tree-like structure, called -tree, with exactly n joints such that the action of T on C 0 (X) can be implemented as a shift on the -tree. If T is an n-shift, then the -tree is dense in X and thus X is separable. By analyzing the structure of the -tree, we show that every (quasi-) n-shift on c 0 can always be written as a product of n (quasi-) 1-shifts. Although it is not the case for general C 0 (X) as shown by our counter examples, we can do so after dilation.

Convergence theories and a deluxe dual and primal finite element tearing and interconnecting algorithm are developed for a hybrid staggered DG finite element approximation of H(curl) elliptic problems in two dimensions. In addition to the advantages of staggered DG methods, the basis functions of the new hybrid staggered DG method are all locally supported in the triangular elements, and a Lagrange multiplier approach is applied to enforce the global connections of these basis functions. The interface problem on the Lagrange multipliers is further reduced to the resulting problem on the subdomain interfaces, and a dual and primal finite element tearing and interconnecting algorithm with an enriched weight factor is then applied to the resulting problem. Our algorithm is shown to give a condition number bound of <i>C</i>(1+log(<i>H</i><i>h</i>))², independent of the two parameters, where <i>H</i><i>h</i> is the number of

We sketch here two mathematical models intended to describe the point-contact spectroscopical experiments. A new item is added to the list of recently discovered applications of the self-adjoint extensions theory.

In this paper, a class of FETI-DP preconditioners is developed for a fast solution of the linear system arising from staggered discontinuous Galerkin discretization of the two-dimensional Stokes equations. The discretization has been recently developed and has the distinctive advantages that it is optimally convergent and has a good local conservation property. In order to efficiently solve the linear system, two kinds of FETI-DP preconditioners, namely, lumped and Dirichlet preconditioners, are considered and analyzed. Scalable bounds C (H/h) and C (1+ log (H/h)) 2 are proved for the lumped and Dirichlet preconditioners, respectively, with the constant C depending on the infsup constant of the discrete spaces but independent of any mesh parameters. Here H/h stands for the number of elements across each subdomain. Numerical results are presented to confirm the theoretical estimates.

Let A be an operator ideal on LCSs. A continuous seminorm p of a LCS X is said to be Acontinuous if Qp Ainj (X, Xp), where Xp is the completion of the normed space Xp= X/p 1 (0) and Qp is the canonical map. p is said to be a Groth (A)seminorm if there is a continuous seminorm q of X such that p q and the canonical map Qpq: Xq Xp belongs to A (Xq, Xp). It is well-known that when A is the ideal of absolutely summing (resp. precompact, weakly compact) operators, a LCS X is a nuclear (resp. Schwartz, infraSchwartz) space if and only if every continuous seminorm p of X is Acontinuous if and only if every continuous seminorm p of X is a Groth (A)seminorm. In this paper, we extend this equivalence to arbitrary operator ideals A and discuss several aspects of these constructions which are initiated by A. Grothendieck and D. Randkte, respectively. A bornological version of the theory is obtained, too.