We introduce the notions of a path complex and its homologies. Particular cases of path homologies are simplicial homologies and digraph homologies. We state and prove some properties of path homologies, in particular, the K¨unneth formulas for Cartesian product and join, which happen to be true at the level of chain complexes.

In this paper, we give a new characterization of Carleson measures for the generalized Bergman spaces. We show first that this problem is equivalent to a T(1)-type problem. Using an idea of Verdera (see [V]), we introduce a sort of curvature in the unit ball adapted to our kernel. We establish a good λ inequality which then yields the solution of this T(1)-type problem.

We derive an asymptotic formula which counts the number of abelian extensions of prime degrees over rational function fields. Specifically, let l be a rational prime and K a rational function field F_q(t) with l\nmid q. Let Discf (F/K) denote the finite discriminant of F over K. Denote the number of abelian l-extensions F/K with deg (Discf (F/K)) = (l − 1)αn by a_l(n), where α = α(q, l) is the order of q in the multiplicative group (Z/lZ)^\times. We give a explicit asymptotic formula for a_l(n). In the case of cubic extensions with q ≡ 2 (mod 3), our formula gives an exact analogue of Cohn’s classical formula.

This article presents a novel and flexible bubble modelling technique for multi-fluid simulations using a volume fraction representation. By combining the volume fraction data obtained from a primary multi-fluid simulation with simple and efficient secondary bubble simulation, a range of real-world bubble phenomena are captured with a high degree of physical realism, including large bubble deformation, sub-cell bubble motion, bubble stacking over the liquid surface, bubble volume change, dissolving of bubbles, etc. Without any change in the primary multi-fluid simulator, our bubble modelling approach is applicable to any multi-fluid simulator based on the volume fraction representation.

We prove that torsion-free G2 structures are (weakly) dynamically stable along the Laplacian flow for closed G2 structures. More precisely, given a torsion-free G2 structure φ on a compact 7-manifold, the Laplacian flow with initial value cohomologous and sufficiently close to φ will converge to a torsion-free G2 structure which is in the orbit of φ under diffeomorphisms isotopic to the identity. We deduce, from fundamental work of Joyce [18], that the Laplacian flow starting at any closed G2 structure with sufficiently small torsion will exist for all time and converge to a torsion-free G2 structure.