Let R = C[x1, x2, . . . , xn]/(f1, . . . , fm) be a positively graded Artinian algebra. A long-standing conjecture in algebraic geometry, differential geometry, and rational homotopy theory is the non-existence of negative weight derivations on R. Alexsandrov conjectured that there are no negative weight derivations when R is a complete intersection algebra, and Yau conjectured there are no negative weight derivations on R when R is the moduli algebra of a weighted homogeneous hypersurface singularity. This problem is also important in rational homotopy theory and differential geometry. In this paper we prove the non-existence of negative weight derivations on R when the degrees of f1, . . . ,fm are bounded below by a constant C depending only on the weights of x1, . . . , xn. Moreover this bound C is improved in several special cases.

A recent trend in interactive modeling of 3D shapes from a single image is designing minimal interfaces, and accompanying algorithms, for modeling a specific class of objects. Expanding upon the range of shapes that existing minimal interfaces can model, we present an interactive image-guided tool for modeling shapes made up of extruded parts. An extruded part is represented by extruding a closed planar curve, called base, in the direction orthogonal to the base. To model each extruded part, the user only needs to sketch the projected base shape in the image. The main technical contribution is a novel optimization-based approach for recovering the 3D normal of the base of an extruded object by exploring both geometric regularity of the sketched curve and image contents. We developed a convenient interface for modeling multi-part shapes and a method for optimizing the relative placement of the parts. Our tool is validated using synthetic data and tested on real-world images.

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