A fundamental and very well studied region of the Erdős–Rényi process is the phase transition at$m$∼$n$/2 edges in which a giant component suddenly appears. We examine the process beginning with an initial graph. We further examine the Bohman–Frieze process in which edges between isolated vertices are more likely. While the positions of the phase transitions vary, the three processes belong, roughly speaking, to the same universality class. In particular, the growth of the giant component in the barely supercritical region is linear in all cases.

Let $T(S)$ be the Teichmuller space over a hyperbolic Riemann surface $S$. A geodesic disk in $T(S)$ is defined the image of an isometric embedding of the Poincar\'e disk into $T(S)$. In this paper, it is shown that for any non-Strebel point $\tau\in T(S)\backslash\{[0]\}$, there are infinitely many geodesic disks containing the straight line $\{[t\mu]:\,t\in (-1/k,1/k)\}$ where $\mu$ is an extremal representative of $\tau$ with $\|\mu\|_\infty=k$. An infinitesimal version is also obtained.

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