We study a robust and efficient eigensolver for computing a few smallest positive eigenvalues of the three-dimensional Maxwell’s transmission eigenvalue problem. The discretized governing equations by the Nedelec edge element result in a large-scale quadratic eigenvalue problem (QEP) for which the spectrum contains many zero eigenvalues and the coefficient matrices consist of patterns in the matrix form XY^{−1}Z, both of which prevent existing eigenvalue solvers from being efficient. To remedy these difficulties, we rewrite the QEP as a particular nonlinear eigenvalue problem and develop a secant-type iteration, together with an indefinite locally optimal block preconditioned conjugate gradient method (LOBPCG), to sequentially compute the desired positive eigenvalues. Furthermore, we propose a novel method to solve the linear systems in each iteration of LOBPCG. Intensive numerical experiments show that our proposed method is robust, although the desired real eigenvalues are surrounded by complex eigenvalues.

We describe an inductive machinery to prove various properties of representations of a category equipped with a generic shift functor. Specifically, we show that if a property (P) of representations of the category behaves well under the generic shift functor, then all finitely generated representations of the category have the property (P). In this way, we obtain simple criteria for properties such as Noetherianity, finiteness of Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity, and polynomial growth of dimension to hold. This gives a systemetic and uniform proof of such properties for representations of the categories $\FI_G$ and $\OI_G$ which appear in representation stability theory.

We give two homological proofs of the Noetherianity of the category FI, a fundamental result discovered by Church, Ellenberg, Farb, and Nagpal.

In this paper we describe a machinery for homological calculations of representations of FI_G, and use it to develop a local cohomology theory over any commutative Noetherian ring. As an application, we show that the depth introduced by the second author coincides with a more classical invariant from commutative algebra, and obtain upper bounds of a few important invariants of FI_G-modules in terms of torsion degrees of their local cohomology groups.

In the first part of this paper, we study Koszul property of directed graded categories. In the second part of this paper, we prove a general criterion for an infinite directed category to be Koszul. We show that infinite directed categories in the theory of representation stability are Koszul over a field of characteristic zero