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We develop some results from [4] on the positivity of direct image bundles in the particular case of a trivial ¯bration over a one-dimensional base. We also apply the results to study variations of KÄahler metrics.

In this paper, we give the sharp upper bound for the number of vertices with positive curvature in a planar graph with nonnegative combinatorial curvature. Based on this, we show that the automorphism group of a planar—possibly infinite—graph with nonnegative combinatorial curvature and positive total curvature is a finite group, and give an upper bound estimate for the order of the group.

We consider closed orientable hypersurfaces in a wide class of warped product manifolds which include space forms, deSitter-Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m manifolds. By using a new integral formula or Brendle's Heintze-Karcher type inequality, we present some new characterizations of umbilic hypersurfaces. These results can be viewed as generalizations of the classical Jellet-Liebmann theorem and the Alexandrov theorem in Euclidean space. In particular, Corollary 1.8 implies that the embeddedness condition in Theorem 2 of [Brendle-Eichmair, JDG. 2013] is not necessary.