In 1960s, Almgren initiated a program to find minimal hypersurfaces in compact manifolds using min-max method. This program was largely advanced by Pitts and Schoen-Simon in 1980s when the manifold has no boundary. In this paper, we finish this program for general compact manifold with nonempty boundary. As a result, we prove the existence of a smooth embedded minimal hypersurface with free boundary in any compact smooth Euclidean domain. An application of our general existence result combined with the work of Marques and Neves shows that for any compact Riemannian manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature and convex boundary, there exist infinitely many embedded minimal hypersurfaces with free boundary which are properly embedded.

We prove some half-space theorems for minimal surfaces in the Heisenberg group Nil3 and the Lie group Sol3 endowed with their standard left-invariant Riemannian metrics. If S is a properly immersed minimal surface in Nil3 that lies on one side of some entire minimal graph G, then S is the image of G by a vertical translation. If S is a properly immersed minimal surface in Sol3 that lies on one side of a special plane Et (see the discussion just before Theorem 1.5 for the definition of a special plane in Sol3), then S is the special plane Eu for some u 2 R.

We present a cryptanalysis of a signature scheme HIMQ-3 due to Kyung-Ah Shim et al [10], which is a submission to National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standardization process of post-quantum cryptosystems in 2017. We will show that inherent to the signing process is a leakage of information of the private key. Using this information one can forge a signature.

The classical Minkowski formula is extended to spacelike codimension-two submanifolds in spacetimes which admit "hidden symmetry" from conformal Killing-Yano two-forms. As an application, we obtain an Alexandrov type theorem for spacelike codimension-two submanifolds in a static spherically symmetric spacetime: a codimension-two submanifold with constant normalized null expansion (null mean curvature) must lie in a shear-free (umbilical) null hypersurface. These results are generalized for higher order curvature invariants. In particular, the notion of mixed higher order mean curvature is introduced to highlight the special null geometry of the submanifold. Finally, Alexandrov type theorems are established for spacelike submanifolds with constant mixed higher order mean curvature, which are generalizations of hypersurfaces of constant Weingarten curvature in the Euclidean space.

In this article we give necessary and sufficient conditions for an irreducible K¨ahler C-space with b2 = 1 to have nonnegative or positive quadratic bisectional curvature, assuming the space is not Hermitian symmetric. In the cases of the five exceptional Lie groups E6,E7,E8, F4,G2, the computer package MAPLE is used to assist our calculations. The results are related to two conjectures of Li-Wu-Zheng.