By using variational method and under generic condition, we show that Arnold diffusion exists in a priori hyperbolic and timeperiodic Hamiltonian systems with multiple degrees of freedom.

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We nd a one-parameter family of coordinates f hgh2R which is a deformation of Penner's simplicial coordinate of the decorated Teichmuller space of an ideally triangulated punctured surface (S; T) of negative Euler characteristic. If h > 0, the decorated Teichmuller space in the h coordinate becomes an explicit convex polytope P(T) independent of h, and if h < 0, the decorated Teichmuller space becomes an explicit bounded convex polytope Ph(T) so that Ph(T)  Ph0 (T) if h < h0. As a consequence, Bowditch-Epstein and Penner's cell decomposition of the decorated Teichmuller space is reproduced.

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We prove the existence of embedded minimal surfaces of arbitrary genus g ≥ 3 in any flat 3-torus. In fact, we construct a sequence of such surfaces converging to a planar foliation of the 3-torus. In particular, the area of the surface can be chosen arbitrarily large.