In this paper, we are concerned with the motion of electrically conducting fluid governed by the two-dimensional non-isentropic viscous compressible MHD system on the half plane with no-slip condition on the velocity field, perfectly conducting wall condition on the magnetic field and Dirichlet boundary condition on the temperature on the boundary. When the viscosity, heat conductivity and magnetic diffusivity coefficients tend to zero in the same rate, there is a boundary layer which is described by a Prandtl-type system. Under the non-degeneracy condition on the tangential magnetic field instead of monotonicity of velocity, by applying a coordinate transformation in terms of the stream function of magnetic field as motivated by the recent work [27], we obtain the local-in-time well-posedness of the boundary layer system in weighted Sobolev spaces.

We develop an efficient numerical method to compute single slit or double slit diffraction patterns from high frequency wave in inhomogeneous media. We approximate the high frequency asymptotic solution to the Helmholtz equation using the Eulerian Gaussian beam summation proposed in [20, 21]. The emitted rays from a slit are embedded in the phase space using an open segment. The evolution of this open curve is accurately computed using the recently developed Grid Based Particle Method [24] which results in a very efficient computational algorithm. Following the grid based particle method we proposed in [23, 24], we represent the open curve or the open surface by meshless Lagrangian particles sampled according to an underlying fixed Eulerian mesh. The end-points of the open curve are tracked explicitly and consistently with interior particles. To construct the overall wavefield, each of these sampling particles also carry necessary quantities that are obtained by solving advection-reaction equations. Numerical experiments show that the resulting method can model diffraction patterns in inhomogeneous media accurately, even in the occurrence of caustics.

Multiple-fluid interaction is an interesting and common visual phenomenon we often observe. In this paper we present an energybased Lagrangian method that expands the capability of existing multiple-fluid methods to handle various phenomena, including extraction, partial dissolution, etc. Based on our user-adjusted Helmholtz free energy functions, the simulated fluid evolves from high-energy states to low-energy states, allowing flexible capture of various mixing and unmixing processes. We also extend the original Cahn-Hilliard equation to gain abilities of simulating complex fluid-fluid interaction and rich visual phenomena such as motionrelated mixing and position based pattern. Our approach is easy to be integrated with existing state-of-the-art smooth particle hydrodynamic (SPH) solvers and can be further implemented on top of the position based dynamics (PBD) method, improving the stability and incompressibility of the fluid during Lagrangian simulation under large time steps. Performance analysis shows that our method is at least 4 times faster than the state-of-the-art multiple-fluid method. Examples are provided to demonstrate the new capability and effectiveness of our approach.

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In this paper, we will survey some recent results on the study of the viscous and invisid compressible flow with vacuum. It is wellknown that the study on vacuum has significance in the investigation on some important physical phenomena. However, most of the important questions about vacuum are still open due to the singularities caused by vacuum which need new mathematical tools and techniques to handle.