We study the coinduction functor on the category of FI-modules and its variants. Using the coinduction functor, we give new and simpler proofs of (generalizations of) various results on homological properties of FI-modules. We also prove that any finitely generated projective VI-module over a field of characteristic 0 is injective.

We study the functorially finite maximal rigid subcategories in 2-CY triangulated categories and their endomorphism algebras. Cluster tilting subcategories are obviously functorially finite and maximal rigid; we prove that the converse is true if the 2-CY triangulated categories admit a cluster tilting subcategory. As a generalization of a result of Keller and Reiten (2007) [KR], we prove that any functorially finite maximal rigid subcategory is Gorenstein with Gorenstein dimension at most 1. Similar as cluster tilting subcategory, one can mutate maximal rigid subcategories at any indecomposable object. If two maximal rigid objects are reachable via simple mutations, then their endomorphism algebras have the same representation type.

We study the cluster algebras arising from cluster tubes with rank bigger than 1. Cluster tubes are 2−Calabi-Yau triangulated categories which contain no cluster tilting objects, but maximal rigid objects. Fix a certain maximal rigid object T in the cluster tube C_n of rank n. For any indecomposable rigid object M in C_n, we define an analogous X_M of Caldero-Chapton's formula (or Palu's cluster character formula) by using the geometric information of M. We show that X_M,X_{M′} satisfy the mutation formula when M,M′ form an exchange pair, and that X_? : M↦X_M gives a bijection from the set of indecomposable rigid objects in C_n to the set of cluster variables of cluster algebra of type C_{n−1}, which induces a bijection between the set of basic maximal rigid objects in C_n and the set of clusters. This strengths a surprising result proved recently by Buan-Marsh-Vatne that the combinatorics of maximal rigid objects in the cluster tube Cn encode the combinatorics of the cluster algebra of type B_{n−1} since the combinatorics of cluster algebras of type B_{n−1} or of type C_{n−1} are the same by a result of Fomin and Zelevinsky. As a consequence, we give a categorification of cluster algebras of type C.

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Let k be a commutative Noetherian ring and C−− be a locally finite k-linear category equipped with a self-embedding functor of degree 1. We show under a moderate condition that finitely generated torsion representations of C−− are super finitely presented (that is, they have projective resolutions each term of which is finitely generated). In the situation that these self-embedding functors are genetic functors, we give upper bounds for homological degrees of finitely generated torsion modules. These results apply to quite a few categories recently appearing in representation stability theory. In particular, when k is a field of characteristic 0, we obtain another upper bound for homological degrees of finitely generated FI-modules.