We construct a new equivariant cohomology theory for a certain class of differential vertex algebras, which we call the chiral equivariant cohomology. A principal example of a differential vertex algebra in this class is the chiral de Rham complex of Malikov-Schechtman-Vaintrob of a manifold with a group action. The main idea in this paper is to synthesize the algebraic approach to classical equivariant cohomology due to H. Cartan, with the theory of differential vertex algebras, by using an appropriate notion of invariant theory. We also construct the vertex algebra analogues of the Mathai-Quillen isomorphism, the Weil and the Cartan models for equivariant cohomology, and the Chern-Weil map. We give interesting cohomology classes in the new theory that have no classical analogues.

In this paper, we present entropy satisfying schemes for solving an integro-differential equation that describes the evolution of a population structured with respect to a continuous trait. In [P.-E. Jabin and G. Raoul, J. Math. Biol., 63 (2011), pp. 493–517] solutions are shown to converge toward the so-called evolutionary stable distribution (ESD) as time becomes large, using the relative entropy. At the discrete level, the ESD is shown to be the solution to a quadratic programming problem and can be computed by any well-established nonlinear programing algorithm. The schemes are then shown to satisfy the entropy dissipation inequality on the set where initial data are positive and the numerical solutions tend toward the discrete ESD in time. An alternative algorithm is presented to capture the global ESD for nonnegative initial data, which is made possible due to the mutation mechanism built into the modified scheme. A series of numerical tests are given to confirm both accuracy and the entropy satisfying property and to underline the efficiency of capturing the large time asymptotic behavior of numerical solutions in various settings.

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Let$f:V$→$R$be a function defined on a subset$V$of$R$^{$n$}×$R$^{$d$}let$⃜:x→$inf{$f(x t)$;$t$such that$(x t)∈V}$denote the$shadow$of$f$and let$Φ$=${(x t)∈V; f(x t)=⃜(x)}$This paper deals with the characterization of some properties of ⃜ in terms of the infinitesimal behavior of$f$near points ζ∈$Φ$proving in particular a conjecture of J M Trépreau concerning the case$d$=1 Characterizations of this type are provided for the convexity the subharmonicity or the$C$^{1 1}regularity of ⃜ in the interior of$I={x∈$$R$^{n};ε$R$^{d}$(x t)∈V}$and in the$C$^{1 1}case an expression for$D$^{2}⃜ is given To some extent an answer is given to the following question: which convex function ⃜:$I$→$R$$I$interval ϒ$R$(resp which function √:$I$→$R$of class$C$^{1 1}) is the shadow of a$C$^{2}function$f:I$×$R→R$?

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