This paper presents a least-squares finite element method for linear Phan-Thien–Tanner(PTT) viscoelastic fluid flows. We consider stabilized weights in the LS method for the viscoelastic model and prove that the LS approximation converges to the linearized solutions of the linear PTT model; the convergence is at the optimal rate for the velocity in the H1-norm and at suboptimal rates for the stress and pressure in the L2-norm, respectively. For numerical experiments, we first consider the flow through a planar channel to illustrate our theoretical results. The LS method is then applied to a flow through the slot channel with two depth ratios and the effects of physical parameters are discussed. Numerical solutions of the channel problem indicate that flow characteristics of the viscoelastic polymer solution are described by the results obtained using the method. Furthermore, we present the hole pressure for various Weissenberg numbers, and compare with that derived from the Higashitani–Pritchard (HP) theory.

Arthur classified the discrete automorphic representations of symplectic and orthogonal groups over a number field by that of the general linear groups. In this classification, those that are not from endoscopic lifting correspond to pairs (ϕ,b), where ϕ is an irreducible unitary cuspidal automorphic representation of some general linear group and b is an integer. In this paper, we study the local components of these automorphic representations at a nonarchimedean place, and we give a complete description of them in terms of their Langlands parameters.

Evolving smooth, compact hypersurfaces in Rn+1 with normal speed equal to a positive power k of the mean curvature improves a certain ‘isoperimetric difference’ for k > n.1. As singularities may develop before the volume goes to zero, we develop a weak level-set formulation for such flows and show that the above monotonicity is still valid. This proves the isoperimetric inequality for n 6 7. Extending this to complete, simply connected 3-dimensional manifolds with nonpositive sectional curvature, we give a new proof for the Euclidean isoperimetric inequality on such manifolds.

In this paper, we extend the high order finite-difference method with subcell resolution (SR) for two-species stiff one-reaction models to multispecies and multireaction chemical reactive flows, which are significantly more difficult because of the multiple scales generated by different reactions. For reaction problems, when the reaction time scale is very small, the reaction zone scale is also small and the governing equations become very stiff. Wrong propagation speed of discontinuity may occur due to the underresolved numerical solution in both space and time. The present SR method for reactive Euler system is a fractional step method. In the convection step, any high order shock-capturing method can be used. In the reaction step, an ODE solver is applied but with certain computed flow variables in the shock region modified by the Harten subcell resolution idea. Several numerical examples of multispecies and multireaction reactive flows are performed in both one and two dimensions. Studies demonstrate that the SR method can capture the correct propagation speed of discontinuities in very coarse meshes.

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