Mukai and Sakai proved that given a vector bundle$E$of rank$n$on a connected smooth projective curve of genus$g$and any$r$∈[1,$n$], there is subbundle$S$of rank$r$such that deg Hom($S, E/S$)≤$r$($n−r$)$g$. We prove a generalization of this bound for equivariant principal bundles. Our proof even simplifies the one given by Holla and Narasimhan for usual principal bundles.

We obtain the generalized codimension-$p$Cauchy–Kovalevsky extension of the exponential function $e^{i\langle\underline{y},\underline{t}\rangle}$ in R^{$m$}=R^{$p$}⊕R^{$q$}, where$p$>1, $\underline{y},\underline{t}\in\mathbf{R}^{q}$ , and prove the corresponding codimension-$p$Paley–Wiener theorems.

We obtain integral boundary decay estimates for solutions of fourth-order elliptic equations on a bounded domain with regular boundary. We apply these estimates to obtain stability bounds for the corresponding eigenvalues under small perturbations of the boundary.

In this paper, we consider the time-dependent Maxwell’s equations when Cole–Cole dispersive medium is involved. The Cole–Cole model contains a fractional time derivative term, which couples with the standard Maxwell’s equations in free space and creates some challenges in developing and analyzing time-domain finite element methods for solving this model as mentioned in our earlier work [J. Li, J. Sci. Comput., 47 (2001), pp. 1–26]. By adopting some techniques developed for the fractional diffusion equations [V.J. Ervin, N. Heuer, and J.P. Roop, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 45 (2007), pp. 572–591], [Y. Lin and C. Xu, J. Comput. Phys., 225 (2007), pp. 1533–1552], [F. Liu, P. Zhuang, V. Anh, I. Turner, and K. Burrage, Appl. Math. Comput., 191 (2007), pp. 12–20], we propose two fully discrete mixed finite element schemes for the Cole–Cole model. Numerical stability and optimal error estimates are proved for both schemes. The proposed algorithms are implemented and detailed numerical results are provided to justify our theoretical analysis.

On a complete noncompact K¨ahler manifold we prove that the bottom of the spectrum for the Laplacian is bounded from above by m2 if the Ricci curvature is bounded from below by −2(m+1). Then we show that if this upper bound is achieved then either the manifold is connected at infinity or it has two ends and in this case it is diffeomorphic to the product of the real line with a compact manifold and we determine the metric.