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For every smooth complex projective variety W of dimension d and nonnegative Kodaira dimension, we show the existence of a universal constant m depending only on d and two natural invariants of the very general fibres of an Iitaka fibration of W such that the pluricanonical system |mK_W| defines an Iitaka fibration. This is a consequence of a more general result on polarized adjoint divisors. In order to prove these results we develop a generalized theory of pairs, singularities, log canonical thresholds, adjunction, etc.

The size distribution of land plots is a result of land allocation processes in the past. In the absence of regulation this is a Markov process leading an equilibrium described by a probabilistic equation used commonly in the insurance and financial mathematics. We support this claim by analyzing the distribution of two plot types, garden and build-up areas, in the Czech Land Registry pointing out the coincidence with the distribution of prime number factors described by Dickman function in the first case.

In contrast to the generalized FischerBurmeister function that is a natural extension of the popular FischerBurmeister function NCP-function, the generalized natural residual NCP-function based on discrete extension, recently proposed by Chen, Ko, and Wu, does not possess symmetric graph. In this paper we symmetrize the generalized natural residual NCP-function, and construct not only new NCP-functions and merit functions for the nonlinear complementarity problem, but also provide parallel functions to the generalized FischerBurmeister function.