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We explore various 4d Yang-Mills gauge theories (YM) living as boundary conditions of 5d gapped short/long-range entangled (SRE/LRE) topological states. Specifically, we explore 4d time-reversal symmetric pure YM of an SU(2) gauge group with a second-Chern-class topological term at θ=π (SU(2)θ=π YM). Its higher 't Hooft anomalies of generalized global symmetries indicate that the 4d SU(2)θ=π YM, in order to realize all global symmetries locally, necessarily couples to a 5d higher symmetry-protected topological state (SPTs, as an invertible TQFT, or as a 5d 1-form-center-symmetry-protected interacting "topological superconductor" in condensed matter). We revisit the 4d SU(2)θ=π YM-5d SRE-higher-SPTs coupled systems in [arXiv:1812.11968] and find their "Fantastic Four Siblings" with four sets of new higher anomalies associated with the Kramers singlet/doublet and bosonic/fermionic properties of Wilson lines. Following Weyl's gauge principle, by dynamically gauging the 1-form center symmetry, we transform a 5d bulk SRE SPTs into an LRE symmetry-enriched topologically ordered state (SETs); thus we obtain the 4d SO(3)θ=π YM-5d LRE-higher-SETs coupled system with dynamical higher-form gauge fields. Apply the tool introduced in [arXiv:1612.09298], we derive new exotic anyonic statistics of extended objects such as 2-worldsheet of strings and 3-worldvolume of branes, which physically characterize the 5d SETs. We discover new triple and quadruple link invariants potentially associated with the underlying 5d higher-gauge TQFTs, hinting a new intrinsic relation between non-supersymmetric 4d pure YM and topological links in 5d. We provide lattice simplicial complex regularizations and "condensed matter" realizations.

Computational techniques derived from digital signal processing are playing a significant role in the security and digital copyrights of audio, video, and visual arts. In light of the quantum computing, the corresponding algorithms are becoming a new research direction in today’s high-technology world. The nature of quantum computer guarantees the security of quantum data, so a safe and effective quantum watermarking algorithm is in demand. Quantum watermarking is the technique that embeds the invisible quantum signal into quantum multimedia data for copyright protection. This research presents a quantum watermarking algorithm in discrete M-band wavelet domain. Different from most traditional algorithms, we propose a new algorithm which applies quantum watermarking in M-band wavelet domain. Assured by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and quantum no-cloning theorem, the security of quantum watermark can reach a very high-level standard. In other words, this watermarking algorithm can defeat nearly all attackers, no matter using classical computer or quantum computer.

We propose second order accurate discontinuous Galerkin (DG) schemes which satisfy a strict maximum principle for general nonlinear convection-diffusion equations on unstructured triangular meshes. Motivated by genuinely high order maximum-principle-satisfying DG schemes for hyperbolic conservation laws, we prove that under suitable time step restriction for forward Euler time stepping, for general nonlinear convection-diffusion equations, the same scaling limiter coupled with second order DG methods preserves the physical bounds indicated by the initial condition while maintaining uniform second order accuracy. Similar to the purely convection cases, the limiters are mass conservative and easy to implement. Strong stability preserving (SSP) high order time discretizations will keep the maximum principle. Following the idea in earlier work, we extend the schemes to two-dimensional convection-diffusion equations on triangular meshes. There are no geometric constraints on the mesh such as angle acuteness. Numerical results including incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are presented to validate and demonstrate the effectiveness of the numerical methods.