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We give an example of a dominant rational self-map of the projective plane whose dynamical degree is a transcendental number.

Consider $N\times N$ hermitian or symmetric random matrices $H$ with independent entries, where the distribution of the $(i,j)$ matrix element is given by the probability measure $\nu_{ij}$ with zero expectation and with variance $\sigma_{ij}^2$. We assume that the variances satisfy the normalization condition $\sum_{i} \sigma^2_{ij} = 1$ for all $j$ and that there is a positive constant $c$ such that $c\le N \sigma_{ij}^2 \le c^{-1}$. We further assume that the probability distributions $\nu_{ij}$ have a uniform subexponential decay. We prove that the Stieltjes transform of the empirical eigenvalue distribution of $H$ is given by the Wigner semicircle law uniformly up to the edges of the spectrum with an error of order $ (N \eta)^{-1}$ where $\eta$ is the imaginary part of the spectral parameter in the Stieltjes transform. There are three corollaries to this strong local semicircle law: (1) Rigidity of eigenvalues: If $\gamma_j =\gamma_{j,N}$ denotes the {\it classical location} of the $j$-th eigenvalue under the semicircle law ordered in increasing order, then the $j$-th eigenvalue $\lambda_j$ is close to $\gamma_j$ in the sense that for any $\xi>1$ there is a constant $L$ such that \[\mathbb P \Big (\exists \, j : \; |\lambda_j-\gamma_j| \ge (\log N)^L \Big [ \min \big (\, j, N-j+1 \, \big) \Big ]^{-1/3} N^{-2/3} \Big) \le C\exp{\big[-c(\log N)^{\xi} \big]} \] for $N$ large enough. (2) The proof of the {\it Dyson's conjecture} \cite{Dy} which states that the time scale of the Dyson Brownian motion to reach local equilibrium is of order $N^{-1}$. (3) The edge universality holds in the sense that the probability distributions of the largest (and the smallest) eigenvalues of two generalized Wigner ensembles are the same in the large $N$ limit provided that the second moments of the two ensembles are identical.

The computations that are suggested by String Theory in the B model requires the existence of degenerations of CY manifolds with maximum unipotent monodromy. In String Theory such a point in the moduli space is called a large radius limit (or large complex structure limit). In this paper we are going to construct one parameter families of n dimensional Calabi-Yau manifolds, which are complete intersections in toric varieties and which have a monodromy operator $T$ such that $(T^N − id)^{n+1} =0 $ but $(T^N −id)^n \ne 0$, i.e the monodromy operator is maximal unipotent.

We study the smoothness of the Siciak–Zaharjuta extremal function associated to a convex body in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ . We also prove a formula relating the complex equilibrium measure of a convex body in $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ ($n$≥2) to that of its Robin indicatrix. The main tool we use is extremal ellipses.