It is proved that the natural embedding of a separable Banach space$X$into the corresponding Bourgain–Pisier space extends $\mathcal{L}_{\infty}$ -valued operators.

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In this paper, we present a simple attack on LWE and Ring LWE encryption schemes used directly as Key Encapsulation Mechanisms (KEMs). This attack could work due to the fact that a key mismatch in a KEM is accessible to an adversary. Our method clearly indicates that any LWE or RLWE (or any similar type of construction) encryption directly used as KEM can be broken by modifying our attack method according to the respective cases.

Pop-up books are a fascinating form of paper art with intriguing geometric properties. In this paper, we present a systematic study of a simple but common class of pop-ups consisting of patches falling into four parallel groups, which we call v-style pop-ups. We give sufficient conditions for a v-style paper structure to be pop-uppable. That is, it can be closed flat while maintaining the rigidity of the patches, the closing and opening do not need extra force besides holding two patches and are free of intersections, and the closed paper is contained within the page border. These conditions allow us to identify novel mechanisms for making pop-ups. Based on the theory and mechanisms, we developed an interactive tool for designing v-style pop-ups and an automated construction algorithm from a given geometry, both of which guaranteeing the popuppability of the results.

We nd a one-parameter family of coordinates f hgh2R which is a deformation of Penner's simplicial coordinate of the decorated Teichmuller space of an ideally triangulated punctured surface (S; T) of negative Euler characteristic. If h > 0, the decorated Teichmuller space in the h coordinate becomes an explicit convex polytope P(T) independent of h, and if h < 0, the decorated Teichmuller space becomes an explicit bounded convex polytope Ph(T) so that Ph(T)  Ph0 (T) if h < h0. As a consequence, Bowditch-Epstein and Penner's cell decomposition of the decorated Teichmuller space is reproduced.