In this paper we consider various aspects of generalized invertibility of the operator matrixacting on a Banach space$X$⊕$Y$.

Moduli of path families are widely used to mark curves which may be neglected for some applications. We introduce ordinary and approximation modulus with respect to Banach function spaces. While these moduli lead to the same result in reflexive spaces, we show that there are important path families (like paths tangent to a given set) which can be labeled as negligible by the approximation modulus with respect to the Lorentz Lp,1-space for an appropriate p, in particular, to the ordinary L1-space if p=1, but not by the ordinary modulus with respect to the same space.

Let X and Y be locally compact Hausdorff spaces. We give a full description of disjointness preserving Fredholm linear operators T from C0(X) into C0(Y), and show that is continuous if either Y contains no isolated point or T has closed range. Our task is achieved by writing T as a weighted composition operator Tf = h f . Through the relative homeomorphism , the structure of the range space of T can be completely analyzed, and X and Y are homeomorphic after removing finite subsets.

We consider real interpolation methods defined by means of slowly varying functions$b$and symmetric spaces$E$, for which we present extreme reiteration theorems. As an application we identify, for all possible values of$θ$∈[0,1], the interpolation spaces ($L$_{1},$L$log$L$)_{$θ$,$b$,$E$}and ($L$_{exp},$L$_{∞})_{$θ$,$b$,$E$}.

This paper studies smoothing properties of the local fractional maximal operator, which is defined in a proper subdomain of the Euclidean space. We prove new pointwise estimates for the weak gradient of the maximal function, which imply norm estimates in Sobolev spaces. An unexpected feature is that these estimates contain extra terms involving spherical and fractional maximal functions. Moreover, we construct several explicit examples, which show that our results are essentially optimal. Extensions to metric measure spaces are also discussed.