Using Seiberg-Witten Floer spectrum and Pin(2)-equivariant KO-theory, we prove new Furuta-type inequalities on the intersection forms of spin cobordisms between homology 3-spheres. As an application, we give explicit constrains on the intersection forms of spin 4-manifolds bounded by Brieskorn spheres ±Σ(2,3,6k±1). Along the way, we also give an alternative proof of Furuta-Kametanni's improvement of 10/8-theorem for closed spin-4 manifolds.

In the moduli space $$ \mathcal{M} $$ _{$g$}of genus-$g$Riemann surfaces, consider the locus $$ \mathcal{R}{\mathcal{M}_{\mathcal{O}}} $$ of Riemann surfaces whose Jacobians have real multiplication by the order $$ \mathcal{O} $$ in a totally real number field$F$of degree$g$. If$g$= 3, we compute the closure of $$ \mathcal{R}{\mathcal{M}_{\mathcal{O}}} $$ in the Deligne–Mumford compactification of $$ \mathcal{M} $$ _{$g$}and the closure of the locus of eigenforms over $$ \mathcal{R}{\mathcal{M}_{\mathcal{O}}} $$ in the Deligne–Mumford compactification of the moduli space of holomorphic 1-forms. For higher genera, we give strong necessary conditions for a stable curve to be in the boundary of $$ \mathcal{R}{\mathcal{M}_{\mathcal{O}}} $$ . Boundary strata of $$ \mathcal{R}{\mathcal{M}_{\mathcal{O}}} $$ are parameterized by configurations of elements of the field$F$satisfying a strong geometry of numbers type restriction.

Fundamental group is one of the most important topological invariants for general manifolds, which can be directly used as manifolds classification. In this work, we provide a series of practical and efficient algorithms to compute fundamental groups for general 3-manifolds based on CW cell decomposition. The input is a tetrahedral mesh, while the output is symbolic representation of its first fundamental group. We further simplify the fundamental group representation using computational algebraic method. We present the theoretical arguments of our algorithms, elaborate the algorithms with a number of examples, and give the analysis of their computational complexity.

We establish a parametric extension$h$-principle for overtwisted contact structures on manifolds of all dimensions, which is the direct generalization of the 3-dimensional result from [12]. It implies, in particular, that any closed manifold admits a contact structure in any given homotopy class of almost contact structures.

By studying the heat semigroup, we prove Li-Yau type estimates for bounded and positive solutions of the heat equation on graphs, under the assumption of the curvature-dimension inequality $CDE'(n,0)$, which can be consider as a notion of curvature for graphs. Furthermore, we derive that if a graph has non-negative curvature then it has the volume doubling property, from this we can prove the Gaussian estimate for heat kernel, and then Poincar\'{e} inequality and Harnack inequality. As a consequence, we obtain that the dimension of space of harmonic functions on graphs with polynomial growth is finite, which original is a conjecture of Yau on Riemannian manifold proved by Colding and Minicozzi. Under the assumption of positive curvature on graphs, we derive the Bonnet-Myers type theorem that the diameter of graphs is finite and bounded above in terms of the positive curvature by proving some Log Sobolev inequalities.