The subject for investigation in this note is concerned with strongly homotopy (SH) Lie algebras, also known as $L_\infty$-algebras, or $L_\infty[1]$-algebras. We extract an intrinsic character, the Atiyah class, when a smaller $L_\infty[1]$-algebra $A$ is extended to a bigger one $L$. In fact, we establish that given such an SH Lie pair $(L,A)$, and any $A$-module $E$, there associates a canonical cohomology class, the Atiyah class $[\alpha^E]$, living in $H^2_{\mathrm{CE}}(A, A^\perp\otimes End(E))$, which generalizes earlier known Atiyah classes out of Lie algebra pairs. In particular, the quotient space $L/A$ is a canonical $A$-module and there associates the Atiyah class $[\alpha^{L/A}]\in H^2_{\mathrm{CE}}(A, Hom(L/A\otimes L/A,L/A))$. The nature of such classes is that they induce on $H^\bullet_{\mathrm{CE}}(A,L/A[-2])$ a Lie algebra structure, and on $H^\bullet_{\mathrm{CE}}(A,E[-2])$ a Lie algebra module structure. An alternative point of view is that the process of taking Atiyah classes defines a functor from the category of $A$-modules to the category of $H^\bullet_{\mathrm{CE}}(A,L/A[-2])$-modules. Moreover, Atiyah classes are invariant under gauge equivalent $A$-compatible infinitesimal deformations of $L$.

Some filtrations of the tensor product of a highest weight module and a lowest weight module over quantum group Uq(g)are constructed in[1]and one can use them to define a two-sided ideal of the modified quantized enveloping algebra. It is shown that the quotient algebra inherits a canonical basis from the modified quantized enveloping algebra and is dual to the quantum coordinate algebra defined by Kashiwara for a symmetrizable Kac–Moody algebra g.

For any unital separable simple infinite-dimensional nuclear$C$^{∗}-algebra with finitely many extremal traces, we prove that $$ \mathcal{Z} $$ -absorption, strict comparison and property (SI) are equivalent. We also show that any unital separable simple nuclear$C$^{∗}-algebra with tracial rank zero is approximately divisible, and hence is $$ \mathcal{Z} $$ -absorbing.

We present a 3D topological picture-language for quantum information. Our approach combines charged excitations carried by strings, with topological properties that arise from embedding the strings in the interior of a 3D manifold with boundary. A quon is a composite that acts as a particle. Specifically, a quon is a hemisphere containing a neutral pair of open strings with opposite charge. We interpret multiquons and their transformations in a natural way. We obtain a type of relation, a string–genus “joint relation,” involving both a string and the 3D manifold. We use the joint relation to obtain a topological interpretation of the C* Hopf algebra relations, which are widely used in tensor networks. We obtain a 3D representation of the controlled NOT (CNOT) gate that is considerably simpler than earlier work, and a 3D topological protocol for teleportation.

Motivated by Kapranov's discovery of an $L_\infty$ algebra structure on the tangent complex of a K\"{a}hler manifold and Chen-Sti\'{e}non-Xu's construction of a Leibniz$_\infty[1]$ algebra associated with a Lie pair, we find a general method to construct Leibniz$_\infty[1]$ algebras ---from a DG derivation $\mathscr{A} \xrightarrow{\delta} \Omega$ of a commutative differential graded algebra $\mathscr{A}$ valued in a DG $\mathscr{A}$-module $\Omega$. We prove that for any $\delta$-connection $\nabla$ on $\mathcal{B}$, the $\A$-dual of $\Omega$, there associates a Leibniz$_\infty[1]$ $\mathscr{A}$-algebra $(\mathcal{B},\{\mathcal{R}^\nabla_k\}_{k\geq 1})$. Moreover, this construction is canonical, i.e., the isomorphism class of $(\mathcal{B},\{\mathcal{R}^\nabla_k\}_{k\geq 1})$ only depends on the homotopy class of $\delta$.