The problem of inversion of the attenuated X-ray transformation is solved by an explicit formula. Several subsequent results are also given.

We establish sharp asymptotics for the$L$^{$p$}-norm of Hermite polynomials and prove convergence in distribution of suitably normalized Wick powers. The results are combined with numerical integration to study an extremal problem on Wiener chaos.

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The harmonic Bergman kernel$Q$_{Ω}for a simply, connected planar domain Ω can be expanded in terms of powers of the Friedrichs operator$F$_{Ω}║$F$_{Ω}║<1 in operator norm. Suppose that Ω is the image of a univalent analytic function ø in the unit disk with ø' ($z$)=1+ψ ($z$) where ψ(0)=0. We show that if the function ψ belongs to a space$D$_{$s$}($D$),$s$>0, of Dirichlet type, then provided that ║ψ║∞<1 the series for$Q$_{Ω}also converges pointwise in $$\bar \Omega \times \bar \Omega \backslash \Delta (\partial \Omega )$$ , and the rate of convergence can be estimated. The proof uses the eigenfunctions of the Friedrichs operator as well as a formula due to Lenard on projections in Hilbert spaces. As an application, we show that for every$s$>0 there exists a constant$C$_{$s$}>0 such that if ║ψ║_{$D$}_{s}($D$)≤$C$_{$s$}, then the biharmonic Green function for Ω=ø ($D$) is positive.

Cwikel's bound is extended to an operator-valued setting. One application of this result is a semi-classical bound for the number of negative bound states for Schrödinger operators with operator-valued potentials. We recover Cwikel's bound for the Lieb-Thirring constant$L$_{0,3}which is far worse than the best available by Lieb (for scalar potentials). However, it leads to a uniform bound (in the dimension$d$≥3) for the quotient$L$_{0,d}/L^{cl}_{0,d}is the so-called classical constant. This gives some improvement in large dimensions.