In this paper, we give a condition on the bicharacteristic which guarantees the global existence of the mild solution to the Boltzmann equation with an external force for the hard-sphere model and potentials with angular cutoff in infinite vacuum. This generalizes the previous results to the case when the force can have arbitrary strength. The constructive condition on the bicharacteristic is used to obtain the pointwise estimates on the collision operator so that the global existence comes from the contraction mapping theorem.

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Let  $\sum$ be a complete minimal Lagrangian submanifold of $\mathbb{C}^n$. We identify regions in the Grassmannian of Lagrangian subspaces so that whenever the image of the Gauss map of $\sum$ lies in one of these regions, then  $\sum$ is an affine space.

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Cwikel's bound is extended to an operator-valued setting. One application of this result is a semi-classical bound for the number of negative bound states for Schrödinger operators with operator-valued potentials. We recover Cwikel's bound for the Lieb-Thirring constant$L$_{0,3}which is far worse than the best available by Lieb (for scalar potentials). However, it leads to a uniform bound (in the dimension$d$≥3) for the quotient$L$_{0,d}/L^{cl}_{0,d}is the so-called classical constant. This gives some improvement in large dimensions.