We provide a uniform construction of “mixed versions” or “graded lifts” in the sense of Beilinson-Ginzburg–Soergel which works for arbitrary Artin stacks. In particular, we obtain a general construction of graded lifts of many categories arising in geometric representation theory and categorified knot invariants. Our new theory associates to each Artin stack of finite type Y over F_q a symmetric monoidal DG-category Shv_{gr,c}(Y) of constructible graded sheaves on Y along with the six-functor formalism, a perverse t-structure, and a weight (or co-t-)structure in the sense of Bondarko and Pauksztello. This category sits in between the category Shv_{m,c}(Y_n) of constructible mixed ℓ-adic sheaves in the sense of Beilinson–Bernstein–Deligne--Gabber for any F_{q^n} -form Y_n of Y and the category Shv_c(Y) of constructible ℓ-adic sheaves on Y, compatible with the six-functor formalism, perverse t-structures, and Frobenius weights. Classically, mixed versions were only constructed in very special cases. However, the category Shv_{gr,c}(Y) agrees with those previously constructed when they are available. For example, for any reductive group G with a fixed pair T ⊂ B of a maximal torus and a Borel subgroup, we have an equivalence of monoidal DG weight categories Shv_{gr,c}(B\G/B) ≃ Ch^b(SBim_W), where Ch^b(SBim_W) is the monoidal DG-category of bounded chain complexes of Soergel bimodules and W is the Weyl group of G.

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We investigate the minimal and isoperimetric surface problems in a large class of sub-Riemannian manifolds, the so-called Vertically Rigid spaces. We construct an adapted connection for such spaces and, using the variational tools of Bryant, Griffiths and Grossman, derive succinct forms of the Euler-Lagrange equations for critical points for the associated variational problems. Using the Euler-Lagrange equations, we show that minimal and isoperimetric surfaces satisfy a constant horizontal mean curvature conditions away from characteristic points. Moreover, we use the formalism to construct a horizontal second fundamental form, II0, for vertically rigid spaces and, as a first application, use II0 to show that minimal surfaces cannot have points of horizontal positive curvature and that minimal surfaces in Carnot groups cannot be locally strictly horizontally geometrically convex. We note that the convexity condition is distinct from others currently in the literature.