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We introduce a finite volume scheme for multi-dimensional drift-diffusion equations. Such equations arise from the theory of semiconductors and are composed of two continuity equations coupled with a Poisson equation. In the case that the continuity equations are non degenerate, we prove the convergence of the scheme and then the existence of solutions to the problem. The key point of the proof relies on the construction of an approximate gradient of the electric potential which allows us to deal with coupled terms in the continuity equations. Finally, a numerical example is given to show the efficiency of the scheme.

Kernel density estimates are frequently used, based on a second order kernel. Thus, the bias inherent to the estimates has an order of O(<i>h</i>²_<i>n</i>). In this note, a method of correcting the bias in the kernel density estimates is provided, which reduces the bias to a smaller order. Effectively, this method produces a higher order kernel based on a second order kernel. For a kernel function <i>K</i>, the functions W_k(x)=^k-1₁₌₀(^k_l+1)x^lK^(l)(x)/l! and [1/<i>K</i>^{(<i>k</i> 1)}(<i>x</i>)/<i>x</i> d <i>x</i>]<i>K</i>^{(<i>k</i> 1)}(<i>x</i>)/<i>x</i> are kernels of order <i>k</i>, under some mild conditions.

This paper investigates several global rigidity issues for polyhedral surfaces including inversive distance circle packings. Inversive distance circle packings are polyhedral surfaces introduced by P Bowers and K Stephenson in [Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 170, no. 805, Amer. Math. Soc.(2004)] as a generalization of Andreev and Thurstons circle packing. They conjectured that inversive distance circle packings are rigid. We prove this conjecture using recent work of R Guo [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 363 (2011) 47574776] on the variational principle associated to the inversive distance circle packing. We also show that each polyhedral metric on a triangulated surface is determined by various discrete curvatures that we introduced in [arXiv 0612.5714], verifying a conjecture in [arXiv 0612.5714]. As a consequence, we show that the discrete Laplacian operator determines a spherical polyhedral metric.

For primes q≡7 mod 16, the present manuscript shows that elementary methods enable one to prove surprisingly strong results about the Iwasawa theory of the Gross family of elliptic curves with complex multiplication by the ring of integers of the field K=Q(√(-q)), which are in perfect accord with the predictions of the conjecture of Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer. We also prove some interesting phenomena related to a classical conjecture of Greenberg, and give a new proof of an old theorem of Hasse.