The Opial property of Hilbert spaces and some other special Banach spaces is a powerful tool in establishing fixed point theorems for nonexpansive and, more generally, nonspreading mappings. Unfortunately, not every Banach space shares the Opial property. However, every Banach space has a similar Bregman-Opial property for Bregman distances. In this paper, using Bregman distances, we introduce the classes of Bregman nonspreading mappings and investigate the Mann and Ishikawa iterations for these mappings. We establish weak and strong convergence theorems for Bregman nonspreading mappings.

This paper investigates several global rigidity issues for polyhedral surfaces including inversive distance circle packings. Inversive distance circle packings are polyhedral surfaces introduced by P Bowers and K Stephenson in [Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 170, no. 805, Amer. Math. Soc.(2004)] as a generalization of Andreev and Thurstons circle packing. They conjectured that inversive distance circle packings are rigid. We prove this conjecture using recent work of R Guo [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 363 (2011) 47574776] on the variational principle associated to the inversive distance circle packing. We also show that each polyhedral metric on a triangulated surface is determined by various discrete curvatures that we introduced in [arXiv 0612.5714], verifying a conjecture in [arXiv 0612.5714]. As a consequence, we show that the discrete Laplacian operator determines a spherical polyhedral metric.

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The paper mainly discusses, based on the properties and related knowledge of continuous functions, the conditions that the graphs of separated binary polynomials are closed curves by the method of separation of variables. It also studies the properties of closed curves in the ways of analytic geometry, and draws a sucient and necessary condition to determine whether the graph of a separated binary polynomial is closed.