In this paper, we are concerned with the motion of electrically conducting fluid governed by the two-dimensional non-isentropic viscous compressible MHD system on the half plane with no-slip condition on the velocity field, perfectly conducting wall condition on the magnetic field and Dirichlet boundary condition on the temperature on the boundary. When the viscosity, heat conductivity and magnetic diffusivity coefficients tend to zero in the same rate, there is a boundary layer which is described by a Prandtl-type system. Under the non-degeneracy condition on the tangential magnetic field instead of monotonicity of velocity, by applying a coordinate transformation in terms of the stream function of magnetic field as motivated by the recent work [27], we obtain the local-in-time well-posedness of the boundary layer system in weighted Sobolev spaces.

A generalized entropy functional was introduced in [T.-P. Liu, T. Yang, A new entropy functional for scalar conservation laws, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 52 (1999) 14271442] for the scalar hyperbolic conservation laws with convex flux function. This functional was crucially used in the functional approach to the L 1 stability study on the system of hyperbolic conservation laws when each characteristic field is either genuinely nonlinear or linearly degenerate. However, how to construct the generalized entropy functional for scalar conservation laws with general flux, and then how to apply the functional approach to the L 1 study on general systems are still open. In this paper, we construct a new nonlinear functional which gives some partial answer to this question and we expect the analysis will shed some light on the future investigation in this direction.

We consider the spatially inhomogeneous Boltzmann equation without angular cutoff. We prove the existence and uniqueness of local classical solutions to the Cauchy problem, in the function space with Maxwellian type exponential decay with respect to the velocity variable. <b><i>To cite this article: R. Alexandre et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 347 (2009).</i></b>

In this paper, we discuss the waiting time phenomena for a class of non-Newtonian polytropic filtration equation with convection. According to the influence of the convection on the waiting time property, the convection is classified into three classes, that is, the strong convection, the mild convection and the weak convection. For different cases, the sufficient and necessary conditions on the initial data are given for the existence of waiting time respectively.

The ellipsoidal BGK model was introduced in\cite {Ho} to fit the correct Prandtl number in the Navier-Stokes approximation of the classical BGK model. In the paper we establish the global existence of mild solutions to the Cauchy problem on the model for a class of initial data allowed to have large oscillations. The proof is motivated by a recent study of the same topic on the Boltzmann equation in\cite {DHWY}.