We present a framework for generating street networks and parcel layouts. Our goal is the generation of high-quality layouts that can be used for urban planning and virtual environments. We propose a solution based on hierarchical domain splitting using two splitting types: streamline-based splitting, which splits a region along one or multiple streamlines of a cross field, and template-based splitting, which warps pre-designed templates to a region and uses the interior geometry of the template as the splitting lines. We combine these two splitting approaches into a hierarchical framework, providing automatic and interactive tools to explore the design space.

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We prove that an extreme Kerr initial data set is a unique absolute minimum of the total mass in a (physically relevant) class of vacuum, maximal, asymptotically flat, axisymmetric data for Einstein equations with fixed angular momentum. These data represent non-stationary, axially symmetric black holes. As a consequence, we obtain that any data in this class satisfy the inequality √J ≤ m, where m and J are the total mass and angular momentum of spacetime.

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