We prove versions of James' weak compactness theorem for polynomials and symmetric multilinear forms of finite type. We also show that a Banach space$X$is reflexive if and only if it admits and equivalent norm such that there exists$x$_{0}≠0 in$X$and a weak-^{*}-open subset$A$of the dual space, satisfying that$x$^{*}⊗$x$_{0}attains its numerical radius. for each$x$^{*}in$A$.

The sine(hyperbolic)-Gordon hierarchy is shown to be the extension of the modified Korteweg-de Vries (MKdV) hierarchy in the integrodifferential algebra extending the standard differential algebra by means of one antiderivative. The characterization by vanishing residues of the MKdV hierarchy yields the same characterization of the sine(hyperbolic)-Gordon hierarchy in the integrodifferential algebra.

In this paper, we characterize, for 1≤$p$<∞, the multiple ($p$, 1)-summing multilinear operators on the product of$C(K)$spaces in terms of their representing polymeasures. As consequences, we obtain a new characterization of ($p$, 1)-summing linear operators on$C(K)$in terms of their representing measures and a new multilinear characterization of$L$_{∞}spaces. We also solve a problem stated by M.S. Ramanujan and E. Schock, improve a result of H. P. Rosenthal and S. J. Szarek, and give new results about polymeasures.

A fundamental solution of the acoustical equation with a variable refraction coefficient is constructed. The solution satisfies the limiting absorption and radiation conditions. The optimal high frequency estimate is proved for square means of the solution. The source function for the diffusion equation is a by-product of this construction.

We find some necessary conditions for a real Banach space to be an almost CL-space. We also discuss the stability of CL-spaces and almost CL-spaces by$c$_{0}- and$l$_{1}-sums. Finally, we address the question if a space of vector-valued continuous functions can be a CL-space or an almost CL-space.