In this work, we give a perturbation theorem for strong polynomial solutions to the zero surface tension Hele-Shaw equation driven by injection or suction, the so called Polubarinova–Galin equation. This theorem enables us to explore properties of solutions with initial functions close to polynomials. Applications of this theorem are given in the suction and injection cases. In the former case, we show that if the initial domain is close to a disk, most of the fluid will be sucked before the strong solution blows up. In the latter case, we obtain precise large-time rescaling behaviors for large data to Hele-Shaw flows in terms of invariant Richardson complex moments. This rescaling behavior result generalizes a recent result regarding large-time rescaling behavior for small data in terms of moments. As a byproduct of a theorem in this paper, a short proof of existence and uniqueness of strong solutions to the Polubarinova–Galin equation is given.

Nonlinear hyperbolic systems with relaxations may encounter different scales of relaxation time, which is a prototype multiscale phenomenon that arises in many applications. In such a problem the relaxation time is of O(1) in part of the domain and very small in the remaining domain in which the solution can be approximated by the zero relaxation limit which can be solved numerically much more efficiently. For the Jin–Xin relaxation system in such a two-scale setting, we establish its wellposedness and singular limit as the (smaller) relaxation time goes to zero. The limit is a multiscale coupling problem which couples the original Jin–Xin system on the domain when the relaxation time is O(1) with its relaxation limit in the other domain through interface conditions which can be derived by matched interface layer analysis.As a result, we also establish the well-posedness and regularity (such as boundedness in sup norm with bounded total variation and L 1-contraction) of the coupling problem, thus providing a rigorous mathematical foundation, in the general nonlinear setting, to the multiscale domain decomposition method for this two-scale problem originally proposed in Jin et al. in Math. Comp. 82, 749–779, 2013.

In this paper, we generalize the$A$_{∞}extrapolation theorem ($Cruz-Uribe–Martell–Pérez$, Extrapolation from$A$_{∞}weights and applications,$J. Funct. Anal.$$213$(2004), 412–439) and the$A$_{$p$}extrapolation theorem of Rubio de Francia to Schrödinger settings. In addition, we also establish weighted vector-valued inequalities for Schrödinger-type maximal operators by using weights belonging to $A_{p}^{\rho,\infty }$ which includes$A$_{$p$}. As applications, we establish weighted vector-valued inequalities for some Schrödinger-type operators.

No abstract uploaded!

In the present paper, we prove an improved Combes–Thomas estimate, viz. the Combes–Thomas estimate in trace-class norms, for magnetic Schrödinger operators under general assumptions. In particular, we allow for unbounded potentials. We also show that for any function in the Schwartz space on the reals the operator kernel decays, in trace-class norms, faster than any polynomial.