We consider Hermitian random band matrices $H=(h_{xy})$ on the $d$-dimensional lattice $(\Z/L\Z)^d$. The entries $h_{xy}$ are independent (up to Hermitian conditions) centered complex Gaussian random variables with variances $s_{xy}=\mathbb E|h_{xy}|^2$. The variance matrix $S=(s_{xy})$ has a banded structure so that $s_{xy}$ is negligible if $|x-y|$ exceeds the band width $W$. In dimensions $d\ge 8$, we prove that, as long as $W\ge L^\e$ for a small constant $\e>0$, with high probability most bulk eigenvectors of $H$ are delocalized in the sense that their localization lengths are comparable to $L$. Denote by $G(z)=(H-z)^{-1}$ the Green's function of $H$. For $\im z\gg W^2/L^2$, we also prove a widely used criterion in physics for quantum diffusion of this model, namely, the leading term in the Fourier transform of $\E|G_{xy}(z)|^2$ with respect to $x-y$ is of the form $(\im z + a(p))^{-1}$ for some $a(p)$ quadratic in $p$, where $p$ is the Fourier variable. Our method is based on an expansion of $T_{xy}=|m|^2 \sum_{\alpha}s_{x\alpha}|G_{\alpha y}|^2$ and it requires a self-energy renormalization up to error $W^{-K}$ for any large constant $K$ independent of $W$ and $L$. We expect that this method can be extended to non-Gaussian band matrices.

In this paper, we study some algebraic topology aspects of Stringc structures, more precisely, from the perspective of Whitehead tower and the perspective of the loop group of Spinc(n). We also extend the generalized Witten genera constructed for the first time by Chen et al. [J. Differential Geom. 88 (2011), pp. 1–40] to correspond to Stringc structures of various levels and give vanishing results for them.

In this paper, we consider the Cauchy problem to the planar non-resistive magnetohydrodynamic equations without heat conductivity, and establish the global well-posedness of strong solutions with large initial data. The key ingredient of the proof is to establish the a priori estimates on the effective viscous flux and a newly introduced ``transverse effective viscous flux" vector field inducted by the transverse magnetic field. The initial density is assumed only to be uniformly bounded and of finite mass and, in particular, the vacuum and discontinuities of the density are allowed.

In this paper, we provide rigorous justification of the hydrostatic approximation and the derivation of primitive equations as the small aspect ratio limit of the incompressible three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations in the anisotropic horizontal viscosity regime. Setting $\varepsilon >0$ to be the small aspect ratio of the vertical to the horizontal scales of the domain, we investigate the case when the horizontal and vertical viscosities in the incompressible three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are of orders $O(1)$ and $O(\varepsilon^\alpha)$, respectively, with $\alpha>2$, for which the limiting system is the primitive equations with only horizontal viscosity as $\varepsilon$ tends to zero. In particular we show that for ``well prepared" initial data the solutions of the scaled incompressible three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations converge strongly, in any finite interval of time, to the corresponding solutions of the anisotropic primitive equations with only horizontal viscosities, as $\varepsilon$ tends to zero, and that the convergence rate is of order $O\left(\varepsilon^\frac\beta2\right)$, where $\beta=\min\{\alpha-2,2\}$. Note that this result is different from the case $\alpha=2$ studied in [Li, J.; Titi, E.S.: \emph{The primitive equations as the small aspect ratio limit of the Navier-Stokes equations: Rigorous justification of the hydrostatic approximation}, J. Math. Pures Appl., \textbf{124} \rm(2019), 30--58], where the limiting system is the primitive equations with full viscosities and the convergence is globally in time and its rate of order $O\left(\varepsilon\right)$.

In this paper, we consider the initial boundary value problem in a cylindrical domain to the three dimensional primitive equations with full eddy viscosity in the momentum equations but with only horizontal eddy diffusivity in the temperature equation. Global well-posedness of $z$-weak solution is established for any such initial datum that itself and its vertical derivative belong to $L^2$. This not only extends the results in \cite{Cao5} from the spatially periodic case to general cylindrical domains but also weakens the regularity assumptions on the initial data which are required to be $H^2$ there.