The Lp dual curvature measure was introduced by Lutwak, Yang & Zhang in an attempt to unify the Lp Brunn– Minkowski theory and the dual Brunn–Minkowski theory. The characterization problem for Lp dual curvature measure, called the Lp dual Minkowski problem, is a fundamental problem in this unifying theory. The Lp dual Minkowski problem contains the Lp Minkowski problem and the dual Minkowski problem, two major problems in modern convex geometry that remain open in general. In this paper, existence results on the Lp dual Minkowski problem in the weak sense will be provided. Moreover, existence and uniqueness of the solution in the smooth category will also be demonstrated.

It is shown that within the Lp-Brunn–Minkowski theory that Aleksandrov’s integral curvature has a natural Lp extension, for all real p. This raises the question of finding necessary and sufficient conditions on a given measure in order for it to be the Lp-integral curvature of a convex body. This problem is solved for positive p and is answered for negative p provided the given measure is even.

In this paper, we consider the L p dual Minkowski problem by geometric variational method. Using anisotropic Gauss–Kronecker curvature flows, we establish the existence of smooth solutions of the L p dual Minkowski problem when pq ≥ 0 and the given data is even. If f ≡ 1, we show under some restrictions on p and q that the only even, smooth, uniformly convex solution is the unit ball.

In this paper, we give a variational analysis to the planar dual Minkowski problem in the Sobolev space. With the new variational characterization, we can deal with existence results for prescribed not necessarily positive data. Meanwhile, functional inequalities and multiple solutions are also obtained.

In this paper, we initiate the study of the instability of naked singularities without symmetries. In a series of papers, Christodoulou proved that naked singularities are not stable in the context of the spherically symmetric Einstein equations coupled with a massless scalar field. We study in this paper the next simplest case: a characteristic initial value problem of this coupled system with the initial data given on two intersecting null cones, the incoming one of which is assumed to be spherically symmetric and singular at its vertex, and the outgoing one of which has no symmetries. It is shown that, arbitrarily fixing the initial scalar field, the set of the initial conformal metrics on the outgoing null cone such that the maximal future development does not have any sequences of closed trapped surfaces approaching the singularity, is of first category in the whole space in which the shear tensors are continuous. Such a set can then be viewed as exceptional, although the exceptionality is weaker than the at least 1 co-dimensionality in spherical symmetry. Almost equivalently, it is also proved that, arbitrarily fixing an incoming null cone C––ε to the future of the initial incoming null cone, the set of the initial conformal metrics such that the maximal future development has at least one closed trapped surface before C––ε, contains an open and dense subset of the whole space. Since the initial scalar field can be chosen such that the singularity is naked if the initial shear is set to be zero, we may say that the spherical naked singularities of a self-gravitating scalar field are not stable under gravitational perturbations. This in particular gives new families of non-spherically symmetric gravitational perturbations different from the original spherically symmetric scalar perturbations given by Christodoulou.