The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new characterization of the characteristic functions for the study on the measure valued solution to the homogeneous Boltzmann equation so that it precisely captures the moment constraint in physics. This significantly improves the previous result by Cannone and Karch (2010) [2] in the sense that the new characterization gives a complete description of infinite energy solutions for the Maxwellian cross section. In addition, the global in time smoothing effect of the infinite energy solution is justified as for the finite energy solution except for a single Dirac mass initial datum.

In this paper, we study the existence of stationary solutions to the VlasovPoissonBoltzmann system when the background density function tends to a positive constant with a very mild decay rate as| x|. In fact, the stationary VlasovPoissonBoltzmann system can be written into an elliptic equation with exponential nonlinearity. Under the assumption on the decay rate being (ln (e+| x|)) for some > 0, it is shown that this elliptic equation has a unique solution. This result generalizes the previous work [R. Glassey, J. Schaeffer, Y. Zheng, Steady states of the VlasovPoissonFokkerPlanck system, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 202 (1996) 10581075] where the decay rate (1+| x|) 1 2 is assumed.

The global well-posedness of the Boltzmann equation with initial data of large amplitude has remained a long-standing open problem. In this paper, by developing a new L x L v 1 L x , v approach, we prove the global existence and uniqueness of mild solutions to the Boltzmann equation in the whole space or torus for a class of initial data with bounded velocity-weighted L x L v 1 L x , v norm under some smallness condition on the L x L v 1 L x , v norm as well as defect mass, energy and entropy so that the initial data allow large amplitude oscillations. Both the hard and soft potentials with angular cut-off are considered, and the large time behavior of solutions in the L x L v 1 L x , v norm with explicit rates of convergence are also studied.

There have been extensive studies on the large time behavior of solutions to systems on gas motions, such as the Navier-Stokes equations and the Boltzmann equation. Recently, an approach is introduced by combining the energy method and the spectral analysis to the study of the optimal rates of convergence to the asymptotic profiles. In this paper, we will first illustrate this method by using some simple model and then we will present some recent results on the Navier-Stokes equations and the Boltzmann equation. Precisely, we prove the stability of the non-trivial steady state for the Navier-Stokes equations with potential forces and also obtain the optimal rate of convergence of solutions toward the steady state. The same issue was also studied for the Boltzmann equation in the presence of the general time-space dependent forces. It is expected that this approach can also be applied to other dissipative

We study the wellposedness theory for the MHD boundary layer. The boundary layer equations are governed by the Prandtltype equations that are derived from the incompressible MHD system with nonslip boundary condition on the velocity and perfectly conducting condition on the magnetic field. Under the assumption that the initial tangential magnetic field is not zero, we establish the localitime existence, uniqueness of solutions for the nonlinear MHD boundary layer equations. Compared with the wellposedness theory of the classical Prandtl equations for which the monotonicity condition of the tangential velocity plays a crucial role, this monotonicity condition is not needed for the MHD boundary layer. This justifies the physical understanding that the magnetic field has a stabilizing effect on MHD boundary layer in rigorous mathematics. 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.