An almost K\"ahler structure on a symplectic manifold (N,ω) consists of a Riemannian metric g and an almost complex structure J such that the symplectic form ω satisfies ω(⋅,⋅)=g(J(⋅),⋅) . Any symplectic manifold admits an almost K\"ahler structure and we refer to (N,ω,g,J) as an almost K\"ahler manifold. In this article, we propose a natural evolution equation to investigate the deformation of Lagrangian submanifolds in almost K\"ahler manifolds. A metric and complex connection $\hn$ on TN defines a generalized mean curvature vector field along any Lagrangian submanifold M of N . We study the evolution of M along this vector field, which turns out to be a Lagrangian deformation, as long as the connection $\hn$ satisfies an Einstein condition. This can be viewed as a generalization of the classical Lagrangian mean curvature flow in K\"ahler-Einstein manifolds where the connection $\hn$ is the Levi-Civita connection of g . Our result applies to the important case of Lagrangian submanifolds in a cotangent bundle equipped with the canonical almost K\"ahler structure and to other generalization of Lagrangian mean curvature flows, such as the flow considered by Behrndt \cite{b} in K\"ahler manifolds that are almost Einstein.

In this paper, two explicit conversion formulae between triangular and rectangular Bézier patches are derived. Using the formulae, one triangular Bézier patch of degree n can be converted into one rectangular Bézier patch of degree $n \times n$. And one rectangular Bézier patch of degree m × n can be converted into two triangular Bézier patches of degree $m + n$ . Besides, two stable recursive algorithms corresponding to the two conversion formulae are given. Using the algorithms, when converting triangular Bézier patches to rectangular Bézier patches, we can computer the relations between the control points of the two types of patches for any $n\ge2$ based on the relationships for $n=1$. When converting rectangular Bézier patches to triangular Bézier patches, we can computer the relations between the control points of the two types of patches for any $m\ge 2, n \subset N^+ $ and $n \ge 2, m \subset N^+$ based on the relationships for $m=n=1$.

We consider 3-dimensional hyperbolic cone-manifolds which are “convex co-compact” in a natural sense, with cone singularities along infinite lines. Such singularities are sometimes used by physicists as models for massive spinless point particles. We prove an infinitesimal rigidity statement when the angles around the singular lines are less than π: any infinitesimal deformation changes either these angles, or the conformal structure at infinity with marked points corresponding to the endpoints of the singular lines. Moreover, any small variation of the conformal structure at infinity and of the singular angles can be achieved by a unique small deformation of the cone-manifold structure. These results hold also when the singularities are along a graph, i.e., for “interacting particles”.

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