We construct a smooth Artin stack parameterizing the stable weighted curves of genus one with twisted fields and prove that it is isomorphic to the blowup stack of the moduli of genus one weighted curves studied by Hu and Li. This leads to a blowup-free construction of Vakil-Zinger's desingularization of the moduli of genus one stable maps to projective spaces. This construction provides the cornerstone of the theory of stacks with twisted fields, which is thoroughly studied in arXiv:2005.03384 and leads to a blowup-free resolution of the stable map moduli of genus two.

High-throughput biological technologies (e.g. ChIPseq, RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq) rapidly accelerate the accumulation of genome-wide omics data in diverse interrelated biological scenarios (e.g. cells, tissues and conditions). Integration and differential analysis are two common paradigms for exploring and analyzing such data. However, current integrative methods usually ignore the differential part, and typical differential analysis methods either fail to identify combinatorial patterns of difference or require matched dimensions of the data. Here, we propose a flexible framework CSMF to combine them into one paradigm to simultaneously reveal Common and Specific patterns via Matrix Factorization from data generated under interrelated biological scenarios. We demonstrate the effectiveness of CSMF with four representative applications including pairwise ChIP-seq data describing the chromatin modification map between K562 and Huvec cell lines; pairwise RNA-seq data representing the expression profiles of two different cancers; RNA-seq data of three breast cancer subtypes; and single-cell RNA-seq data of human embryonic stem cell differentiation at six time points. Extensive analysis yields novel insights into hidden combinatorial patterns in these multi-modal data. Results demonstrate that CSMF is a powerful tool to uncover common and specific patterns with significant biological implications from data of interrelated biological scenarios.

Various aspects of warped conformal field theories (WCFTs) are studied including entanglement entropy on excited states, the Renyi entropy after a local quench, and out-of-time-order four-point functions. Assuming a large central charge and dominance of the vacuum block in the conformal block expansion, (i) we calculate the single-interval entanglement entropy on an excited state, matching previous finite temperature results by changing the ensemble; and (ii) we show that WCFTs are maximally chaotic, a result that is compatible with the existence of black holes in the holographic duals. Finally, we relax the aforementioned assumptions and study the time evolution of the Renyi entropy after a local quench. We find that the change in the Renyi entropy is topological, vanishing at early and late times, and nonvanishing in between only for charged states in spectrally-flowed WCFTs.

We introduce the cluster exchange groupoid associated to a non-degenerate quiver with potential, as an enhancement of the cluster exchange graph. In the case that arises from an (unpunctured) marked surface, where the exchange graph is modelled on the graph of triangulations of the marked surface, we show that the universal cover of this groupoid can be constructed using the covering graph of triangulations of the surface with extra decorations. This covering graph is a skeleton for a space of suitably framed quadratic differentials on the surface, which in turn models the space of Bridgeland stability conditions for the 3-Calabi–Yau category associated to the marked surface. By showing that the relations in the covering groupoid are homotopically trivial when interpreted as loops in the space of stability conditions, we show that this space is simply connected.

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Consider $N\times N$ Hermitian or symmetric random matrices $H$ where the distribution of the $(i,j)$ matrix element is given by a probability measure $\nu_{ij}$ with a subexponential decay. Let $\sigma_{ij}^2$ be the variance for the probability measure $\nu_{ij}$ with the normalization property that $\sum_{i} \sigma^2_{ij} = 1$ for all $j$. Under essentially the only condition that $c\le N \sigma_{ij}^2 \le c^{-1}$ for some constant $c>0$, we prove that, in the limit $N \to \infty$, the eigenvalue spacing statistics of $H$ in the bulk of the spectrum coincide with those of the Gaussian unitary or orthogonal ensemble (GUE or GOE). We also show that for band matrices with bandwidth $M$ the local semicircle law holds to the energy scale $M^{-1}$.

We give a new geometrical interpretation of the local analytic solutions to a differential system, which we call a tautological system , arising from the universal family of Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces $Y_a$ in a G-variety $X$ of dimension $n$. First, we construct a natural topological correspondence between relative cycles in $H_n (X − Y_a, \cup D − Y_a)$ bounded by the union of G-invariant divisors $\cup D$ in $X$ to the solution sheaf of $\tau$, in the form of chain integrals. Applying this to a toric variety with torus action, we show that in addition to the period integrals over cycles in $Y_a$, the new chain integrals generate the full solution sheaf of a GKZ system. This extends an earlier result for hypersurfaces in a projective homogeneous variety, whereby the chains are cycles [3, 7]. In light of this result, the mixed Hodge structure of the solution sheaf is now seen as the MHS of $H_n(X − Ya, \cup D − Y_a)$. In addition, we generalize the result on chain integral solutions to the case of general type hypersurfaces. This chain integral correspondence can also be seen as the Riemann-Hilbert correspondence in one homological degree. Finally, we consider interesting cases in which the chain integral correspondence possibly fails to be bijective.

In this paper, we present entropy satisfying schemes for solving an integro-differential equation that describes the evolution of a population structured with respect to a continuous trait. In [P.-E. Jabin and G. Raoul, J. Math. Biol., 63 (2011), pp. 493–517] solutions are shown to converge toward the so-called evolutionary stable distribution (ESD) as time becomes large, using the relative entropy. At the discrete level, the ESD is shown to be the solution to a quadratic programming problem and can be computed by any well-established nonlinear programing algorithm. The schemes are then shown to satisfy the entropy dissipation inequality on the set where initial data are positive and the numerical solutions tend toward the discrete ESD in time. An alternative algorithm is presented to capture the global ESD for nonnegative initial data, which is made possible due to the mutation mechanism built into the modified scheme. A series of numerical tests are given to confirm both accuracy and the entropy satisfying property and to underline the efficiency of capturing the large time asymptotic behavior of numerical solutions in various settings.

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No abstract uploaded!