Let G be a connected Lie group. We show that all characteristic classes of G are bounded—when viewed in the cohomology of the classifying space of the group G with the discrete topology—if and only if the derived group of the radical of G is simply connected in its Lie group topology. We also give equivalent conditions in terms of stable commutator length and distortion.

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Nous étudions dans cet article des espaces de moyennes définis par une méthode discrète d'interpolation. Après avoir démontré leur coïncidence, dans le cas général, avec les espaces$(A$_{o}, A_{1})_{Q; J}et$(A$_{0}, A_{1})_{Q;K}de C. Bennett ([3]), nous obtenons simplement les théorèmes de dualité en utilisant la méthode de [2] et aussi les arguments de [7]. Nous remercions le rapporteur dont les conseils nous ont permis en particulier de simplifier nos démonstrations.

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In the context of two illustrative examples from supersymmetric quantum mechanics we show that the semiclassical analysis of the path integral requires complexification of the configuration space and action, and the inclusion of complex saddle points, even when the parameters in the action are real. We find new exact complex saddles, and show that without their contribution the semi-classical expansion is in conflict with basic properties such as positive-semidefiniteness of the spectrum, and constraints of supersymmetry. Generic saddles are not only complex, but also possibly multi-valued, and even singular. This is in contrast to instanton solutions, which are real, smooth, and single-valued. The multi-valuedness of the action can be interpreted as a hidden topological angle, quantized in units of π in supersymmetric theories. The general ideas also apply to non-supersymmetric theories.

We prove the convergence of a discontinuous Galerkin method approximating the 2-D incompressible Euler equations with discontinuous initial vorticity:$omega_0 in L^2(Omega)$. Furthermore, when $omega_0 in L^infty(Omega)$, the whole sequence is shown to be strongly convergent. This is the first convergence result in numerical approximations of this general class of discontinuous flows. Some important flows such as vortex patches belong to this class.

In this paper, we introduce a new adaptive data analysis method to study trend and instantaneous frequency of nonlinear and nonstationary data. This method is inspired by the Empirical Mode Decomposition method (EMD) and the recently developed compressed (compressive) sensing theory. The main idea is to look for the sparsest representation of multiscale data within the largest possible dictionary consisting of intrinsic mode functions of the form {a(t) cos(θ(t))}, where a ∈ V (θ), V (θ) consists of the functions smoother than cos(θ(t)) and θ   0. This problem can be formulated as a nonlinear l0 optimization problem. In order to solve this optimization problem, we propose a nonlinear matching pursuit method by generalizing the classical matching pursuit for the l0 optimization problem. One important advantage of this nonlinear matching pursuit method is it can be implemented very efficiently and is very stable to noise. Further, we provide an error analysis of our nonlinear matching pursuit method under certain scale separation assumptions. Extensive numerical examples will be given to demonstrate the robustness of our method and comparison will be made with the state-of-the-art methods. We also apply our method to study data without scale separation, and data with incomplete or under-sampled data.

In this article, we propose the notion of the general $p$-affine capacity and prove some basic properties for the general $p$-affine capacity, such as affine invariance and monotonicity. The newly proposed general $p$-affine capacity is compared with several classical geometric quantities, e.g., the volume, the $p$-variational capacity and the $p$-integral affine surface area. Consequently, several sharp geometric inequalities for the general $p$-affine capacity are obtained. These inequalities extend and strengthen many well-known (affine) isoperimetric and (affine) isocapacitary inequalities.

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This erratum corrects an error arising in the proof of Proposition 6.4 in the article “On the density of geometrically finite Kleinian groups”

In an event-related functional MRI data analysis, an accurate and robust extraction of the hemodynamic response function (HRF) and its associated statistics (e.g., magnitude, width, and time to peak) is critical to infer quantitative information about the relative timing of the neuronal events in different brain regions. The aim of this paper is to develop a multiscale adaptive smoothing model (MASM) to accurately estimate HRFs pertaining to each stimulus sequence across all voxels. MASM explicitly accounts for both spatial and temporal smoothness information, while incorporating such information to adaptively estimate HRFs in the frequency domain. One simulation study and a real data set are used to demonstrate the methodology and examine its finite sample performance in HRF estimation, which confirms that MASM significantly outperforms the existing methods including the smooth finite impulse

In this paper, we develop a novel blind source separation (BSS) method for nonnegative and correlated data, particularly for the nearly degenerate data. The motivation lies in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, where a multiple mixture NMR spectra are recorded to identify chemical compounds with similar structures (degeneracy).

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Let (M, ω) be a compact symplectic 4-manifold with a compatible almost complex structure J. The problem of finding a J-compatible symplectic form with prescribed volume form is an almost-K¨ahler analogue of Yau’s theorem and is connected to a programme in symplectic topology proposed by Donaldson. We call the corresponding equation for the symplectic form the Calabi- Yau equation. Solutions are unique in their cohomology class. It is shown in this paper that a solution to this equation exists if the Nijenhuis tensor is small in a certain sense. Without this assumption, it is shown that the problem of existence can be reduced to obtaining a C0 bound on a scalar potential function.

Evolving smooth, compact hypersurfaces in Rn+1 with normal speed equal to a positive power k of the mean curvature improves a certain ‘isoperimetric difference’ for k > n.1. As singularities may develop before the volume goes to zero, we develop a weak level-set formulation for such flows and show that the above monotonicity is still valid. This proves the isoperimetric inequality for n 6 7. Extending this to complete, simply connected 3-dimensional manifolds with nonpositive sectional curvature, we give a new proof for the Euclidean isoperimetric inequality on such manifolds.

In this paper we study the analytic torsion and the L2-torsion of compact locally symmetric manifolds. We consider the analytic torsion with respect to representations of the fundamental group which are obtained by restriction of irreducible representations of the group of isometries of the underlying symmetric space. The main purpose is to study the asymptotic behavior of the analytic torsion with respect to sequences of representations associated to rays of highest weights.

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An$L$^{1}-existence theorem is proved for the nonlinear stationary Boltzmann equation with hard forces and no small velocity truncation—only the Grad angular cut-off-in a setting between two coaxial rotating cylinders when the indata are given on the cylinders.

Dans ce papier, nous nous intéressons au problème suivant : soit$a$_{$N$}une suite de points d’une hypersurface algèbrique convergeant vers a∈H ; supposons que pour tout$N$, il existe un germe de disque holomorphe en$a$_{$N$}, γ_{$N$}, contenu dans$H$. Alors, d’après des résultats classiques (voir [5] et [6]) le point$a$n’est pas un point de 1-type fini et donc, il existe un germe de disque holomorphe en a vivant dans$H$(voir [5]). Dans ce qui suit, nous proposons une méthode effective pour reconstruire, à partir de la suite$a$_{$N$}et des γ_{$N$}, un germe d’ensemble analytique en$a$contenu dans$H$.

In this paper, the relation between algebraic shifting and join which was conjectured by Eran Nevo will be proved. Let σ and τ be simplicial complexes and σ*τ be their join. Let$J$_{σ}be the exterior face ideal of σ and Δ(σ) the exterior algebraic shifted complex of σ. Assume that σ*τ is a simplicial complex on [$n$]={1,2,...,$n$}. For any$d$-subset$S$⊂[$n$], let $m_{\preceq_{\textrm{rev}}S}(\sigma)$ denote the number of$d$-subsets$R$∈σ which are equal to or smaller than$S$with respect to the reverse lexicographic order. We will prove that $m_{\preceq_{\textrm{rev}}S}(\Delta(\sigma*\tau))\geq m_{\preceq_{\textup{rev}}S}(\Delta(\Delta(\sigma) *\Delta(\tau)))$ for all$S$⊂[$n$]. To prove this fact, we also prove that $m_{\preceq_{\textrm{rev}}S}(\Delta(\sigma))\geq m_{\preceq_{\textup{rev}}S}(\Delta(\Delta_{\varphi}(\sigma)))$ for all$S$⊂[$n$] and for all nonsingular matrices ϕ, where Δ_{ϕ}(σ) is the simplicial complex defined by $J_{\Delta_{\varphi}(\sigma)}=\textup{in}(\varphi(J_{\sigma}))$ .